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The HR Dictionary

Name: Eprecus ERP
Brand: Eprecus ERP

Search structured definitions, practical explanations, and related business terms for HR, payroll, accounting, finance, and operational control.

Search the Eprecus ERP The HR Dictionary

The Eprecus ERP dictionary is built for finance teams, HR managers, payroll administrators, operations leads, and business owners who need clear definitions they can apply inside real workflows. Use this glossary to understand payroll terminology, accounting definitions, HR metrics, and enterprise software concepts without vague textbook language.

Each entry is written to support practical ERP work, including reporting, approvals, payroll review, compliance conversations, reconciliation, workforce planning, and process design. If you need deeper examples, continue into the Eprecus ERP blog or review the platform overview.

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The HR Dictionary (485) The Accountant's Dictionary (1437)

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The HR Dictionary

1099 Form

A 1099 form is a U.S. tax document used to report payments made to independent contractors and other non-employee payees.

The HR Dictionary

Absence from Duty without Prior Approval

Absence from duty without prior approval is an unauthorized failure to report for work or obtain the required approval before being away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary

Absenteeism Rate

Absenteeism rate measures the percentage of scheduled work time employees miss over a defined period.

The HR Dictionary

147C

A 147C letter is an IRS-issued document used to verify or reissue a business's Employer Identification Number for payroll and tax administration.

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A

Absence from Duty without Prior Approval

Absence from duty without prior approval is an unauthorized failure to report for work or obtain the required approval before being away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Absenteeism Rate

Absenteeism rate measures the percentage of scheduled work time employees miss over a defined period.

The HR Dictionary • attendance, time and attendance, leave

Accommodation while Travelling

Accommodation while Travelling is a travel, relocation, or duty-expense concept used to control reimbursement and allowances for official business in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Acting Appointment

Acting Appointment is the temporary placement of an officer to perform the duties of a higher office or another office for a defined period, without changing the officer's substantive appointment.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Additional Qualification

Additional Qualification is a training and development concept used to regulate learning support, employee obligations, and workforce capability in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Alcohol and Other Substance Abuse

Alcohol and Other Substance Abuse is a workplace welfare concept used to support employee wellbeing, safety, dignity, and support services in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Acting Allowance

Acting Allowance is the additional pay that may be authorized when an officer is formally appointed to act in a higher office and satisfies the conditions for payment under the Jamaica public-service rules.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Absence Management

Absence management is the process of tracking, approving, and controlling employee absences such as sick leave, vacation, and other time away from work.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, leave

Absence Management Policy

An absence management policy is a formal set of rules that defines how employee absences are reported, approved, tracked, and reviewed.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, leave

Absenteeism Policy

An absenteeism policy is a workplace policy that sets expectations, reporting steps, and consequences related to unplanned or excessive employee absence.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Attrition

Attrition describes the reduction of workforce headcount over time as employees leave and are not immediately replaced.

The HR Dictionary • headcount, retention, workforce planning

Accruals (Leave)

Accruals for leave are the balances employees earn over time for vacation, sick leave, or other paid time off based on company policy.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, leave

Annualized Salary

Annualized salary is the estimated yearly pay amount calculated from a wage rate or partial-year compensation arrangement.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, payroll

Ageism

Ageism is discrimination or unfair treatment based on a person's age in hiring, promotion, pay, training, or workplace decisions.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Allowance During Leave

Allowance During Leave is a public-service allowance, benefit, or expense-related payment recognized under the Jamaica Staff Orders and paid only in the circumstances approved by government policy.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Allowance While on Military Service

Allowance While on Military Service is a public-service allowance, benefit, or expense-related payment recognized under the Jamaica Staff Orders and paid only in the circumstances approved by government policy.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR)

Alternative dispute resolution is a method of resolving workplace disputes outside traditional court action, often through mediation or arbitration.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

At-Will Employment

At-will employment is a legal employment relationship in which either the employer or the employee may end employment at any time, subject to applicable laws and contracts.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Authority to Make Appointments

Authority to Make Appointments is the legally delegated power to appoint, confirm, promote, transfer, or otherwise place an officer into a public-service post in accordance with the Jamaica Staff Orders and any applicable public-service law.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Applicant Tracking System (ATS)

An applicant tracking system is software used to manage job postings, applications, candidate screening, and recruiting workflows.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, recruiting

Accessibility

Accessibility is the design and provision of workplaces, tools, systems, and communication in a way that people with disabilities can use effectively.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Action Item

An action item is a task or follow-up responsibility assigned to a person as a result of a meeting, workflow, or review process.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Appointment Eligibility

Appointment Eligibility is an appointments rule or status used to govern entry, movement, or authority within the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Actual Deferred Percentage (ADP)

The actual deferred percentage is a nondiscrimination test used in the United States to compare 401(k) salary deferrals between highly compensated and non-highly compensated employees.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Attendance and Punctuality

Attendance and Punctuality refers to the duty of public officers to report for work as scheduled, remain on duty for the approved hours, and account properly for lateness, absence, and early departure.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Adaptive Device

An adaptive device is equipment or technology that helps a person with a disability perform work tasks or access the workplace more effectively.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Administrative Services Only (ASO)

Administrative services only is a benefits arrangement where an employer self-funds claims while a third-party administrator handles plan administration.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, payroll

Advance Earned Income Credit

Advance earned income credit refers to an older U.S. payroll mechanism that allowed eligible employees to receive a portion of the earned income credit during the year instead of waiting for tax filing.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Adverse Impact

Adverse impact occurs when a neutral employment policy or practice disproportionately affects a protected group.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Affirmative Action

Affirmative action is a policy approach aimed at improving employment opportunity for historically underrepresented or disadvantaged groups.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Affirmative Action Plan (AAP)

An affirmative action plan is a documented compliance plan that outlines workforce analyses, goals, and actions to support equal employment opportunity.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Affordable Care Act (ACA)

The Affordable Care Act is a U.S. healthcare law that created employer reporting and coverage obligations affecting benefits and payroll administration.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

After-Tax Deduction

An after-tax deduction is an amount withheld from an employee's pay after income taxes and statutory taxes have been calculated.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, payroll

Age Discrimination in Employment Act

The Age Discrimination in Employment Act is a U.S. federal law that protects workers age 40 and older from age-based employment discrimination.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Agile Organization

An agile organization is a business structure designed to adapt quickly through flexible teams, rapid decision-making, and continuous improvement.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA)

The Americans with Disabilities Act is a U.S. law that prohibits disability discrimination and requires reasonable accommodation in employment and public life.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Annual Income

Annual income is the total amount a person earns over a year before or after deductions, depending on context.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Annuity Explained

An annuity is a financial product or payment arrangement that provides income over time, often used in retirement planning.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, benefits

Applicant Flow Log

An applicant flow log is a recruiting record that tracks candidates through each stage of the hiring process for reporting and compliance purposes.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, recruiting

Administrative Communication

Administrative Communication is a communication and information-governance concept used to guide internal, external, or administrative communication in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Authority to Impose Discipline

Authority to Impose Discipline is a disciplinary or separation concept used to address breaches, sanctions, appeals, or ending employment in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Authority for the Administration and Granting of Leave

Authority for the Administration and Granting of Leave is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Applying for Departmental Leave

Applying for Departmental Leave is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Accumulation of Departmental Leave

Accumulation of Departmental Leave is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Accumulation of Sick Leave

Accumulation of Sick Leave is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Applying for Vacation Leave

Applying for Vacation Leave is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Authority for Training

Authority for Training is a training and development concept used to regulate learning support, employee obligations, and workforce capability in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Authority for the Administration of Travel and Subsistence

Authority for the Administration of Travel and Subsistence is a travel, relocation, or duty-expense concept used to control reimbursement and allowances for official business in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Allowance to Persons who Have No Motor Car

Allowance to Persons who Have No Motor Car is a public-service allowance, benefit, or expense-related payment recognized under the Jamaica Staff Orders and paid only in the circumstances approved by government policy.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

a/c

A/C is a shorthand abbreviation for account in bookkeeping and accounting records.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

ABC

ABC usually refers to activity-based costing, a costing method that assigns overhead based on the activities that drive cost.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

Accounts Payable

Accounts payable is the amount the business owes suppliers for goods or services already received but not yet paid.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, accounts-payable

ABC inventory system

An ABC inventory system classifies inventory into categories such as A, B, and C based on value, usage, or control priority.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable is the amount customers owe the business for goods or services already delivered but not yet collected.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, accounts-receivable

abnormal spoilage

abnormal spoilage is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

Accrual

An accrual records income earned or expenses incurred before cash is received or paid.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accrual accounting, month end close, financial reporting

absorption costing

absorption costing is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

accelerated depreciation

accelerated depreciation is a depreciation-related term used to allocate the cost of a long-lived asset over its useful life.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

account

account is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

accounting cycle

accounting cycle is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

accounting department

accounting department is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

accounting equation

accounting equation is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

accounting net income flows

accounting net income flows is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

accounting principles

accounting principles is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

Accounting Principles Board (APB)

Accounting Principles Board (APB) is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

accounting rate of return

accounting rate of return is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

Accounting Research Bulletin (ARB)

Accounting Research Bulletin (ARB) is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

accounts receivable - net

Accounts receivable net is the collectible value of receivables after deducting the allowance for doubtful or uncollectible accounts.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, accounts-receivable

accounts receivable turnover ratio

Accounts receivable turnover ratio measures how efficiently the business converts credit sales into collected cash over a reporting period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, accounts-receivable

accounts written off

accounts written off is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

accrual basis of accounting

Accrual basis accounting recognizes revenue when earned and expenses when incurred, regardless of when cash is received or paid.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, accruals

accrual method of accounting

accrual method of accounting is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

accrual-type adjusting entry

accrual-type adjusting entry is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

accruals

accruals is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

accrue

accrue is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

accrued expense

accrued expense is an expense account used to record the cost of a specific activity, resource, service, or obligation during an accounting period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

accrued expenses payable

Accrued expenses payable are expenses already incurred by the business but not yet invoiced or paid at the reporting date.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, accruals

accrued liability

accrued liability is a liability-related term used to describe an obligation the business owes to another party.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

accrued payroll

accrued payroll is a payroll accounting term used to record employee compensation, withholdings, tax obligations, or payroll liabilities.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, payroll

accrued rent

accrued rent is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

accrued rent expense

accrued rent expense is an expense account used to record the cost of a specific activity, resource, service, or obligation during an accounting period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

accrued rent income

accrued rent income is a revenue or income concept used to describe earnings recognized from business activity, financing, or other sources.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

accrued rent liability

accrued rent liability is a liability-related term used to describe an obligation the business owes to another party.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

accrued rent receivable

accrued rent receivable is an asset account that records an amount due to the business but not yet collected.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

accrued revenue

accrued revenue is a revenue or income concept used to describe earnings recognized from business activity, financing, or other sources.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

accrued vacation

accrued vacation is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

accrued vacation liability

accrued vacation liability is a liability-related term used to describe an obligation the business owes to another party.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

accrued vacation pay

accrued vacation pay is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

accumulated deficit

accumulated deficit is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

accumulated depletion

accumulated depletion is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

accumulated depreciation

accumulated depreciation is a depreciation-related term used to allocate the cost of a long-lived asset over its useful life.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

accumulated depreciation - buildings

accumulated depreciation - buildings is a depreciation-related term used to allocate the cost of a long-lived asset over its useful life.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

accumulated depreciation - equipment

accumulated depreciation - equipment is a depreciation-related term used to allocate the cost of a long-lived asset over its useful life.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

accumulated depreciation - land improvements

accumulated depreciation - land improvements is a depreciation-related term used to allocate the cost of a long-lived asset over its useful life.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

accumulated other comprehensive income

accumulated other comprehensive income is a revenue or income concept used to describe earnings recognized from business activity, financing, or other sources.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

acid test ratio

acid test ratio is a financial ratio used to measure or evaluate a specific aspect of liquidity, profitability, efficiency, leverage, or performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

activity-based costing (ABC)

activity-based costing (ABC) is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

activity-based management

activity-based management is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

actual costing

actual costing is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

actual overhead

actual overhead is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

adjunct account

adjunct account is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

adjusted trial balance

An adjusted trial balance is the trial balance prepared after accruals, deferrals, depreciation, and other adjusting entries have been posted for the period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, reporting

adjusting entries

adjusting entries is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

administrative expenses

administrative expenses is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

advance from customer

advance from customer is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

advance to employee

advance to employee is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

advertising expense

advertising expense is an expense account used to record the cost of a specific activity, resource, service, or obligation during an accounting period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

after-tax

after-tax is a tax-related term used in accounting, reporting, payroll, compliance, or statutory calculations.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

after-tax cost of debt

after-tax cost of debt is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

aging of accounts payable

Aging of accounts payable is the breakdown of unpaid supplier balances by how long each invoice has been outstanding.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, accounts-payable

aging of accounts receivable

Aging of accounts receivable is the breakdown of open customer balances by how long they have remained unpaid.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, accounts-receivable

AICPA

AICPA stands for the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, a major U.S. professional body for CPAs.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

ACCA

ACCA stands for the Association of Chartered Certified Accountants, a global professional accounting body.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

allocate

allocate is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

allocated

allocated is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

allocation

allocation is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

allowance for doubtful accounts

Allowance for doubtful accounts is the contra-asset reserve used to estimate the portion of receivables that may not be collected.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, accounts-receivable

allowance for uncollectible accounts

Allowance for uncollectible accounts is another name for the reserve that reduces receivables to their expected collectible value.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, accounts-receivable

allowance method for bad debts expense

allowance method for bad debts expense is an expense account used to record the cost of a specific activity, resource, service, or obligation during an accounting period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

allowance to reduce inventory to net realizable value

allowance to reduce inventory to net realizable value is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA)

American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

amortization

Amortization is the systematic allocation of an intangible asset, discount, premium, or deferred balance over time.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, amortization

amortization expense

amortization expense is an expense account used to record the cost of a specific activity, resource, service, or obligation during an accounting period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

amortization of bond discount

amortization of bond discount is an amortization-related term used to spread the cost, discount, premium, or carrying amount of an item over time.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

amortization of bond issue costs

amortization of bond issue costs is an amortization-related term used to spread the cost, discount, premium, or carrying amount of an item over time.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

amortization of bond premium

amortization of bond premium is an amortization-related term used to spread the cost, discount, premium, or carrying amount of an item over time.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

amortization of intangible assets

amortization of intangible assets is an amortization-related term used to spread the cost, discount, premium, or carrying amount of an item over time.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

amortization schedule

amortization schedule is an amortization-related term used to spread the cost, discount, premium, or carrying amount of an item over time.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

annuity

annuity is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

annuity due

annuity due is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

annuity in advance

annuity in advance is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

annuity in arrears

annuity in arrears is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

APB

APB stands for the Accounting Principles Board, a former U.S. standard-setting body that preceded FASB.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

applied overhead

applied overhead is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

apportionment

apportionment is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

appraisal

appraisal is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

appraisal report

appraisal report is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

appropriated retained earnings

appropriated retained earnings is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

ARB

ARB stands for Accounting Research Bulletin, an older U.S. accounting guidance publication.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

arm's length transaction

arm's length transaction is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

arrears

arrears is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

articles of incorporation

articles of incorporation is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

asset turnover ratio

Asset turnover ratio measures how efficiently the business uses its asset base to generate revenue.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, ratios

assets

assets is an asset-related term used to describe a resource controlled by the business that is expected to provide future economic benefit.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

assign

assign is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

assigned accounts receivable

assigned accounts receivable is an asset account that records an amount due to the business but not yet collected.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

assignee

assignee is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

assignor

assignor is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

audited financial statements

audited financial statements is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

auditor's report

auditor's report is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

authorized number of shares of stock

authorized number of shares of stock is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

average accounts receivable

average accounts receivable is an asset account that records an amount due to the business but not yet collected.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

average collection period

average collection period is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

average cost of inventory

average cost of inventory is an inventory classification or inventory account used to measure goods, materials, or stock held for use, production, or sale.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

average inventory

average inventory is an inventory classification or inventory account used to measure goods, materials, or stock held for use, production, or sale.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

Benefits Administration

Benefits administration is the process of managing employee insurance, pensions, allowances, and other employer-sponsored benefit programs.

The HR Dictionary • benefits, pension, insurance

Behaviour Expectations

Behaviour Expectations is a conduct and ethics standard that guides acceptable employee behaviour in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Bush Allowance

Bush Allowance is a public-service allowance, benefit, or expense-related payment recognized under the Jamaica Staff Orders and paid only in the circumstances approved by government policy.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Baby Boomers

Baby Boomers are the generation generally born between 1946 and 1964 and are often referenced in workforce planning, retirement, and benefits discussions.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Back Pay

Back pay is compensation owed to an employee for wages or salary that should have been paid earlier but were not.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, payroll

Base Wage Rate

Base wage rate is the standard hourly or salary pay amount assigned to a role before overtime, incentives, or allowances are added.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, payroll

Basic Salary

Basic salary is the fixed core compensation paid to an employee before bonuses, allowances, deductions, or overtime are applied.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, payroll

Behavioral-Based Interview Questions

Behavioral-based interview questions ask candidates to describe past experiences to assess how they handled work situations and competencies.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Behavioral Competencies

Behavioral competencies are observable behaviors and interpersonal qualities that help employees perform effectively in their roles.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Bereavement Leave

Bereavement leave is approved time off granted to an employee following the death of a family member or loved one.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, leave

Blended Workforce

A blended workforce is a labor model that combines full-time employees, part-time workers, contractors, and other contingent labor types.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Bona Fide Occupational Qualification

A bona fide occupational qualification is a legally recognized reason why a specific trait may be required for a role under limited circumstances.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Boomerang Employee

A boomerang employee is a former employee who leaves an organization and later returns to work there again.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Bring Your Own Device (BYOD)

Bring your own device is a workplace policy that allows employees to use personally owned phones, tablets, or computers for work.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Bare Minimum Mondays

Bare Minimum Mondays is an informal workplace concept where employees begin the week with lower-intensity work to reduce burnout and improve focus.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Before-Tax Deduction

A before-tax deduction is an amount withheld from employee pay before certain taxes are calculated, such as some pension or benefit contributions.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, payroll

Bereavement

Bereavement is the period of mourning and related support needs following the death of a family member or loved one.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Biweekly Pay

Biweekly pay is a payroll frequency where employees are paid every two weeks, typically resulting in 26 pay periods per year.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, payroll

Business Agility

Business agility is an organization's ability to respond quickly and effectively to change in markets, operations, or customer demand.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Business Necessity

Business necessity is a legal and operational justification showing that a policy or requirement is essential to safe or effective business operations.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Business Partnership

A business partnership in HR context usually refers to a collaborative working relationship between HR and operational leaders to support business goals.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Business Process Outsourcing (BPO)

Business process outsourcing is the transfer of selected business operations, such as payroll, recruiting, or customer service, to an external service provider.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Basis of Leave Calculation

Basis of Leave Calculation is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Bank Reconciliation

A bank reconciliation is the process of matching the cash balance in the general ledger to the bank statement and explaining any differences such as timing items, fees, deposits in transit, or errors.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-management

Balance Sheet

A balance sheet is the financial statement that shows the business's assets, liabilities, and equity at a specific point in time.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, financial-statements

bad debts expense

bad debts expense is an expense account used to record the cost of a specific activity, resource, service, or obligation during an accounting period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

balance per bank

balance per bank is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

balance per books

balance per books is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

balance sheet account

balance sheet account is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

bank balance

bank balance is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

bank errors

bank errors is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

bank overdraft

bank overdraft is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

bank rec

bank rec is a reconciliation term used to compare internal accounting records with external balances or supporting documents.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

bank service charge expense

bank service charge expense is an expense account used to record the cost of a specific activity, resource, service, or obligation during an accounting period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

bank statement

bank statement is a formal financial statement or reporting document used to summarize financial position, performance, or cash movement.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

bank statement reconciliation

bank statement reconciliation is a reconciliation term used to compare internal accounting records with external balances or supporting documents.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

basic accounting equation

basic accounting equation is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

basis point

basis point is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

batch size

batch size is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

batch-level activities

batch-level activities is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

batch-level cost

batch-level cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

bearer bond

bearer bond is a bond or debt-financing term used in accounting for borrowing, interest, premiums, discounts, issuance, or repayment.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

Big Four

Big Four is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

bill

bill is a billing or payables document term used to record, approve, or settle an amount due in a business transaction.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

bill of materials

bill of materials is a billing or payables document term used to record, approve, or settle an amount due in a business transaction.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

bill payable

bill payable is a liability account that records an amount owed by the business that remains unpaid at the reporting date.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

biweekly

biweekly is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

blank rec

blank rec is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

blue-collar worker

blue-collar worker is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

board of directors

board of directors is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

board-designated restriction

board-designated restriction is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

boards of accountancy

boards of accountancy is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

BOM

BOM stands for bill of materials, the structured list of components required to build a product.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

bond

bond is a bond or debt-financing term used in accounting for borrowing, interest, premiums, discounts, issuance, or repayment.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

bond call price

bond call price is a bond or debt-financing term used in accounting for borrowing, interest, premiums, discounts, issuance, or repayment.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

bond coupon rate

bond coupon rate is a bond or debt-financing term used in accounting for borrowing, interest, premiums, discounts, issuance, or repayment.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

bond discount

bond discount is a bond or debt-financing term used in accounting for borrowing, interest, premiums, discounts, issuance, or repayment.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

bond indenture

bond indenture is a bond or debt-financing term used in accounting for borrowing, interest, premiums, discounts, issuance, or repayment.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

bond interest expense

bond interest expense is an expense account used to record the cost of a specific activity, resource, service, or obligation during an accounting period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

bond interest rate

bond interest rate is a bond or debt-financing term used in accounting for borrowing, interest, premiums, discounts, issuance, or repayment.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

bond issue costs

bond issue costs is a bond or debt-financing term used in accounting for borrowing, interest, premiums, discounts, issuance, or repayment.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

bond premium

bond premium is a bond or debt-financing term used in accounting for borrowing, interest, premiums, discounts, issuance, or repayment.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

bond sinking fund

bond sinking fund is a bond or debt-financing term used in accounting for borrowing, interest, premiums, discounts, issuance, or repayment.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

bonds payable

bonds payable is a liability account that records an amount owed by the business that remains unpaid at the reporting date.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

book balance

book balance is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

book depreciation

book depreciation is a depreciation-related term used to allocate the cost of a long-lived asset over its useful life.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

book of original entry

book of original entry is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

book value

Book value is the accounting value of an asset, liability, or equity interest as recorded in the financial statements.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, asset-valuation

book value of a company

book value of a company is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

book value of an asset

book value of an asset is an asset-related term used to describe a resource controlled by the business that is expected to provide future economic benefit.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

book value per share of stock

book value per share of stock is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

bookkeeper

bookkeeper is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

bookkeeping

bookkeeping is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

books

books is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

borrow

borrow is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

borrower

borrower is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

bottom line

bottom line is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

bounced check

bounced check is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

break-even analysis

break-even analysis is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

break-even point

break-even point is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

budget

budget is a budgeting term used to plan, compare, or control expected revenue, cost, capacity, or spending.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

budget variance

budget variance is a budgeting term used to plan, compare, or control expected revenue, cost, capacity, or spending.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

budgetary slack

budgetary slack is a budgeting term used to plan, compare, or control expected revenue, cost, capacity, or spending.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

budgeted balance sheet

budgeted balance sheet is a budgeting term used to plan, compare, or control expected revenue, cost, capacity, or spending.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

budgeted capacity

budgeted capacity is a budgeting term used to plan, compare, or control expected revenue, cost, capacity, or spending.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

budgeted income statement

budgeted income statement is a formal financial statement or reporting document used to summarize financial position, performance, or cash movement.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

buildings

buildings is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

burden rate

burden rate is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

bx

bx is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

byproduct

byproduct is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

Cost of Hire

Cost of hire measures the total internal and external cost required to recruit and onboard a new employee.

The HR Dictionary • recruitment, talent acquisition, hiring

Compensation Benchmarking

Compensation benchmarking compares internal pay levels against market salary data for similar roles.

The HR Dictionary • salary bands, compensation, market pay

Contract Appointment

Contract Appointment is an appointments rule or status used to govern entry, movement, or authority within the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Calculation of Subsistence Allowance

Calculation of Subsistence Allowance is a public-service allowance, benefit, or expense-related payment recognized under the Jamaica Staff Orders and paid only in the circumstances approved by government policy.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Certificate of Service

Certificate of Service is the formal document issued to certify a public officer's service history, usually summarizing key facts such as post, period of service, and status for official purposes.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Chauffeur's Allowance

Chauffeur's Allowance is a public-service allowance, benefit, or expense-related payment recognized under the Jamaica Staff Orders and paid only in the circumstances approved by government policy.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Circulars and Notices

Circulars and Notices is a communication and information-governance concept used to guide internal, external, or administrative communication in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Code of Conduct

Code of Conduct is the set of binding ethical and behavioural standards that governs how public officers discharge official duties, use public resources, and preserve trust in government service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Claims for Deferred Pension

Claims for Deferred Pension are the formal applications made by eligible former public officers to receive pension benefits that were preserved for payment at a later qualifying date.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Claims under the Family Benefits Act

Claims under the Family Benefits Act is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Communication

Communication is a communication and information-governance concept used to guide internal, external, or administrative communication in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Compensation (Jamaica Public Service)

Compensation (Jamaica Public Service) is a compensation and payroll concept used to determine how public officers are paid, graded, or rewarded in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Compensation Authority

Compensation Authority is a compensation and payroll concept used to determine how public officers are paid, graded, or rewarded in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Classification Series

Classification Series is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Compensation Allowances

Compensation Allowances is a public-service allowance, benefit, or expense-related payment recognized under the Jamaica Staff Orders and paid only in the circumstances approved by government policy.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Compensation Increments

Compensation Increments is a compensation and payroll concept used to determine how public officers are paid, graded, or rewarded in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Compressed Work Week

Compressed Work Week is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Confidentiality

Confidentiality is the duty of a public officer to protect official, personal, financial, and administrative information from unauthorized use, disclosure, or removal.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Career Path

A career path is the planned progression of roles, skills, and responsibilities an employee may follow over time.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Conflict of Interest

Conflict of Interest arises when a public officer's private interest, family connection, business involvement, or outside obligation could improperly influence the discharge of official duties.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Career Plateau

A career plateau is a stage where an employee experiences limited opportunity for promotion, growth, or new challenge in their current path.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Common-Law Test

The common-law test is a legal test used to determine whether a worker should be classified as an employee or an independent contractor based on control and relationship factors.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Compensation

Compensation is the total value an employee receives for work, including wages, salary, bonuses, incentives, and benefits.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Compensatory Time Off

Compensatory time off is paid time off granted instead of overtime pay, where permitted by policy or law.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Competency-Based Pay

Competency-based pay is a compensation approach that rewards employees based on demonstrated skills, capabilities, or behaviors rather than only job title or tenure.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, payroll

Counselling Services

Counselling Services is a workplace welfare concept used to support employee wellbeing, safety, dignity, and support services in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Conditions of Employment

Conditions of employment are the terms, obligations, and requirements that define the working relationship between employer and employee.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Constructive Discharge

Constructive discharge occurs when working conditions become so intolerable that an employee resigns and claims the resignation was effectively forced.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Contingency Recruiting

Contingency recruiting is a hiring arrangement where a recruiter is paid only if the candidate they present is hired.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, recruiting

Contingent Worker

A contingent worker is a non-permanent worker such as a contractor, consultant, freelancer, or temporary employee.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Core Competencies

Core competencies are the key skills, behaviors, and abilities required to perform successfully in a role or across an organization.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Child Care Leave

Child care leave is time away from work granted to employees for child care needs, subject to company policy and local law.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, leave

California Labor Laws

California labor laws are the employment regulations governing wages, hours, breaks, leave, and other workplace obligations in the state of California.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

CASDI

CASDI refers to California State Disability Insurance contributions withheld from employee wages to fund disability and paid family leave benefits.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Caste Discrimination

Caste discrimination is unequal treatment based on inherited social status or caste identity and may be prohibited under workplace equality policies or laws.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Certificate of Good Standing

A certificate of good standing is an official document confirming that a business entity is properly registered and compliant with required state filings.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Casual Leave

Casual Leave is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Computation of Retiring Benefits

Computation of Retiring Benefits is a retirement or pension administration concept used to manage public-service benefit eligibility, supporting records, or claim processing in Jamaica.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Certificate of Performance

Certificate of Performance is a records and documentation concept used to support employee status, identity, entitlements, or official personnel history in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Commuted Allowance

Commuted Allowance is a public-service allowance, benefit, or expense-related payment recognized under the Jamaica Staff Orders and paid only in the circumstances approved by government policy.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Casual Allowance

Casual Allowance is a public-service allowance, benefit, or expense-related payment recognized under the Jamaica Staff Orders and paid only in the circumstances approved by government policy.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Cost of Goods Sold

Cost of goods sold is the direct cost of inventory or production consumed to deliver the goods a business sells.

The Accountant's Dictionary • inventory, margin, gross profit

Cash Flow Statement

A cash flow statement is the financial statement that shows how cash moved through operating, investing, and financing activities during the period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, financial-statements

Chart of Accounts

A chart of accounts is the structured list of ledger accounts the business uses to classify transactions consistently for reporting and control.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, gl-structure

Credit Memo

A credit memo is a document that reduces the amount a customer owes or the amount payable to a supplier.

The Accountant's Dictionary • ar, ap, invoice corrections

call premium

call premium is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

call price

call price is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

callable bond

callable bond is a bond or debt-financing term used in accounting for borrowing, interest, premiums, discounts, issuance, or repayment.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

callable preferred stock

callable preferred stock is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

capital

capital is an equity or capital term used to describe ownership interest, retained resources, or the financing structure of a business.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

capital budgeting

capital budgeting is a budgeting term used to plan, compare, or control expected revenue, cost, capacity, or spending.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

capital expenditures

capital expenditures is an equity or capital term used to describe ownership interest, retained resources, or the financing structure of a business.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

capital maintenance approach in determining net income

capital maintenance approach in determining net income is a revenue or income concept used to describe earnings recognized from business activity, financing, or other sources.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

capital maintenance approach to net income

capital maintenance approach to net income is a revenue or income concept used to describe earnings recognized from business activity, financing, or other sources.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

capital market

capital market is an equity or capital term used to describe ownership interest, retained resources, or the financing structure of a business.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

capital stock

capital stock is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

capitalize

capitalize is an equity or capital term used to describe ownership interest, retained resources, or the financing structure of a business.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

carrying amount

carrying amount is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

carrying cost of inventory

carrying cost of inventory is an inventory classification or inventory account used to measure goods, materials, or stock held for use, production, or sale.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

carrying value

carrying value is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

cash

cash is a cash-management or cash-reporting term used to measure cash balances, cash movement, or cash handling controls.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

cash account

cash account is a cash-management or cash-reporting term used to measure cash balances, cash movement, or cash handling controls.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

cash and cash equivalents

cash and cash equivalents is a cash-management or cash-reporting term used to measure cash balances, cash movement, or cash handling controls.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

cash basis of accounting

cash basis of accounting is a cash-management or cash-reporting term used to measure cash balances, cash movement, or cash handling controls.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

cash discount

cash discount is a cash-management or cash-reporting term used to measure cash balances, cash movement, or cash handling controls.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

cash flow

cash flow is a cash-management or cash-reporting term used to measure cash balances, cash movement, or cash handling controls.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

cash flow net of tax

cash flow net of tax is a tax-related term used in accounting, reporting, payroll, compliance, or statutory calculations.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

cash from financing activities

cash from financing activities is a cash-management or cash-reporting term used to measure cash balances, cash movement, or cash handling controls.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

cash from operating activities

cash from operating activities is a cash-management or cash-reporting term used to measure cash balances, cash movement, or cash handling controls.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

cash method of accounting

cash method of accounting is a cash-management or cash-reporting term used to measure cash balances, cash movement, or cash handling controls.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

cash realizable value

cash realizable value is a cash-management or cash-reporting term used to measure cash balances, cash movement, or cash handling controls.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

cash receipt

cash receipt is a cash-management or cash-reporting term used to measure cash balances, cash movement, or cash handling controls.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

cash receipts journal

cash receipts journal is a journal or bookkeeping term used to record accounting entries in chronological order.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

cash short and over

cash short and over is a cash-management or cash-reporting term used to measure cash balances, cash movement, or cash handling controls.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

cash surrender value (CSV)

cash surrender value (CSV) is a cash-management or cash-reporting term used to measure cash balances, cash movement, or cash handling controls.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

cashier's check

cashier's check is a cash-management or cash-reporting term used to measure cash balances, cash movement, or cash handling controls.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

CD

CD stands for certificate of deposit, a time deposit held with a bank or financial institution.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

CEO

CEO stands for chief executive officer, the highest-ranking executive responsible for leading the organization.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

certificate of deposit

certificate of deposit is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, payroll

certified management accountant

certified management accountant is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

certified public accountant

certified public accountant is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

CFO

CFO stands for chief financial officer, the executive responsible for finance, reporting, cash management, and financial strategy.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

change in accounting estimate

change in accounting estimate is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

change in net assets

change in net assets is an asset-related term used to describe a resource controlled by the business that is expected to provide future economic benefit.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

check printing charges

check printing charges is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

checkbook

checkbook is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

checking account

checking account is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

cheque

cheque is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

chief executive officer (CEO)

chief executive officer (CEO) is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

chief financial officer (CFO)

chief financial officer (CFO) is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

chief operating officer (COO)

chief operating officer (COO) is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

Circular E

Circular E is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

classified balance sheet

classified balance sheet is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

clear

clear is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

cleared

cleared is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

clearing account

clearing account is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

closely-held corporation

closely-held corporation is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

closing entries

closing entries is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

CMA Exam

CMA Exam is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

coefficient of correlation

coefficient of correlation is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

coefficient of determination

coefficient of determination is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

COGS

COGS, or cost of goods sold, is the direct cost assigned to the goods or services delivered to customers during the reporting period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

collection period

collection period is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

commissions expense

commissions expense is an expense account used to record the cost of a specific activity, resource, service, or obligation during an accounting period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

commitments

commitments is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

common costs

common costs is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

common stock

common stock is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

common stock account

common stock account is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

common stock dividend distributable

common stock dividend distributable is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

common-size balance sheet

common-size balance sheet is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

common-size financial statement

common-size financial statement is a formal financial statement or reporting document used to summarize financial position, performance, or cash movement.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

common-size income statement

common-size income statement is a formal financial statement or reporting document used to summarize financial position, performance, or cash movement.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

comparability

comparability is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

comparative balance sheet

comparative balance sheet is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

comparative financial statements

comparative financial statements is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

comparative income statement

comparative income statement is a formal financial statement or reporting document used to summarize financial position, performance, or cash movement.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

compensated absences

compensated absences is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

compensating balances

compensating balances is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

compilation

compilation is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

compiled financial statements

compiled financial statements is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

compound interest

compound interest is a financing term used to account for borrowing, lending, interest accrual, repayment, or debt structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

compound journal entry

compound journal entry is a journal or bookkeeping term used to record accounting entries in chronological order.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

compounding of interest

compounding of interest is a financing term used to account for borrowing, lending, interest accrual, repayment, or debt structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

comprehensive income

comprehensive income is a revenue or income concept used to describe earnings recognized from business activity, financing, or other sources.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

comptroller

comptroller is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

conceptual framework

conceptual framework is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

condensed balance sheet

condensed balance sheet is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

condensed financial statements

condensed financial statements is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

condensed income statement

condensed income statement is a formal financial statement or reporting document used to summarize financial position, performance, or cash movement.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

conformity rule

conformity rule is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

conservatism

conservatism is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

consigned goods

consigned goods is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

consignee

consignee is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

consignment

consignment is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

consignor

consignor is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

consistency

consistency is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

consistent

consistent is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

consolidated financial statements

consolidated financial statements is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

constant-dollar

constant-dollar is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

constraints

constraints is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

construction work-in-progress

construction work-in-progress is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

consumer price index

consumer price index is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

contingent gain

contingent gain is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

contingent liability

contingent liability is a liability-related term used to describe an obligation the business owes to another party.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

contingent loss

contingent loss is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

continuing operations

continuing operations is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

continuous budget

continuous budget is a budgeting term used to plan, compare, or control expected revenue, cost, capacity, or spending.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

contra account

contra account is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

contra asset account

contra asset account is an asset-related term used to describe a resource controlled by the business that is expected to provide future economic benefit.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

contra equity account

contra equity account is an equity or capital term used to describe ownership interest, retained resources, or the financing structure of a business.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

contra expense account

contra expense account is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

contra inventory account

contra inventory account is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

contra liability account

contra liability account is a liability-related term used to describe an obligation the business owes to another party.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

contra owner's equity account

contra owner's equity account is an equity or capital term used to describe ownership interest, retained resources, or the financing structure of a business.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

contra revenues account

contra revenues account is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

contractual interest rate

contractual interest rate is a financing term used to account for borrowing, lending, interest accrual, repayment, or debt structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

contributed capital

contributed capital is an equity or capital term used to describe ownership interest, retained resources, or the financing structure of a business.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

contribution approach income statement

contribution approach income statement is a formal financial statement or reporting document used to summarize financial position, performance, or cash movement.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

contribution margin

contribution margin is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

contribution margin per unit

contribution margin per unit is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

contribution margin ratio

contribution margin ratio is a financial ratio used to measure or evaluate a specific aspect of liquidity, profitability, efficiency, leverage, or performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

contributions

contributions is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

control account

control account is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

controller

controller is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

controller's cushion

controller's cushion is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

controller's reserve

controller's reserve is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

conversion costs

conversion costs is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

convertible bond

convertible bond is a bond or debt-financing term used in accounting for borrowing, interest, premiums, discounts, issuance, or repayment.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

convertible preferred stock

convertible preferred stock is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

COO

COO stands for chief operating officer, the executive responsible for day-to-day operational performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

copyright

copyright is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

corporation

corporation is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

correcting entry

correcting entry is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

correlation

correlation is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

COS

COS is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

cost

cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

cost accounting

cost accounting is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

cost behavior

cost behavior is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

cost center

cost center is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

cost flow assumption

cost flow assumption is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

cost method of recording treasury stock

cost method of recording treasury stock is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

cost object

cost object is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

cost of capital

cost of capital is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

cost of carrying inventory

cost of carrying inventory is an inventory classification or inventory account used to measure goods, materials, or stock held for use, production, or sale.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

cost of goods available for sale

cost of goods available for sale is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

cost of goods purchased

cost of goods purchased is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

cost of products sold

cost of products sold is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

cost of sales

Cost of sales is the direct cost matched to revenue and is often used interchangeably with cost of goods sold depending on industry and reporting style.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cost-of-sales

cost principle

cost principle is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

cost ratio

cost ratio is a financial ratio used to measure or evaluate a specific aspect of liquidity, profitability, efficiency, leverage, or performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

cost-volume-profit (CVP)

cost-volume-profit (CVP) is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

coupon bond

coupon bond is a bond or debt-financing term used in accounting for borrowing, interest, premiums, discounts, issuance, or repayment.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

CPA

CPA stands for certified public accountant, a licensed accounting professional in the United States.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

CPA Exam

The CPA Exam is the professional licensing examination required to become a certified public accountant in the United States.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

cr.

cr. is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

credit (as in debit and credit)

credit (as in debit and credit) is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

credit (as in debt, not cash)

credit (as in debt, not cash) is a cash-management or cash-reporting term used to measure cash balances, cash movement, or cash handling controls.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

credit balance

credit balance is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

credit line

credit line is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

credit memorandum

credit memorandum is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

credit sales

credit sales is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

credit terms

credit terms is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

creditor

creditor is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

crossfoot

crossfoot is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

CSV

CSV can mean cash surrender value in insurance and finance contexts, depending on how the term is used in the business record.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

cumulative preferred stock

cumulative preferred stock is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

current assets

Current assets are assets expected to be converted into cash, sold, or used within the next twelve months or operating cycle.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, liquidity

current liabilities

Current liabilities are obligations due within the next twelve months or operating cycle.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, liquidity

current maturity of long-term debt

current maturity of long-term debt is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

current portion of long-term debt

current portion of long-term debt is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

current ratio

Current ratio measures short-term liquidity by comparing current assets to current liabilities.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, ratios

current value

current value is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

current year's net income

current year's net income is a revenue or income concept used to describe earnings recognized from business activity, financing, or other sources.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

customer deposits

customer deposits is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

CVP

CVP stands for cost-volume-profit analysis, a technique used to study how cost and volume affect profit.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

cycle counting

cycle counting is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

Duty Allowance

Duty Allowance is a public-service allowance, benefit, or expense-related payment recognized under the Jamaica Staff Orders and paid only in the circumstances approved by government policy.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Dress Code

Dress Code is a conduct and ethics standard that guides acceptable employee behaviour in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Display and Decorations

Display and Decorations is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Duty in the Public Service

Duty in the Public Service is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Day Release

Day Release is a training and development concept used to regulate learning support, employee obligations, and workforce capability in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Death Gratuities

Death Gratuities is a retirement or pension administration concept used to manage public-service benefit eligibility, supporting records, or claim processing in Jamaica.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Deployment to a Similar Position

Deployment to a Similar Position is an employee movement or management concept used to govern authority, placement, probation, or progression in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Disaster Preparedness

Disaster Preparedness is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Discipline (Jamaica Public Service)

Discipline (Jamaica Public Service) is a disciplinary or separation concept used to address breaches, sanctions, appeals, or ending employment in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Disciplinary Administration

Disciplinary Administration is a disciplinary or separation concept used to address breaches, sanctions, appeals, or ending employment in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Disciplinary Breach

Disciplinary Breach is a disciplinary or separation concept used to address breaches, sanctions, appeals, or ending employment in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Disciplinary Procedure

Disciplinary Procedure is a disciplinary or separation concept used to address breaches, sanctions, appeals, or ending employment in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Deduction

A deduction is an amount subtracted from employee pay or from taxable income, depending on payroll or tax context.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, payroll

Deferred Compensation

Deferred compensation is pay that an employee earns now but receives at a later date, often through a retirement or executive compensation plan.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Disciplinary Penalties

Disciplinary Penalties is a disciplinary or separation concept used to address breaches, sanctions, appeals, or ending employment in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Direct Reports

Direct reports are employees who formally report to a specific manager in the organizational structure.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Disability Leave

Disability leave is approved time away from work for an employee who cannot perform job duties due to a qualifying medical condition or disability.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, leave

Disciplinary Actions

Disciplinary actions are formal employer responses to misconduct, poor performance, or policy violations.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Dismissal for Absence without Permission

Dismissal for Absence without Permission is a disciplinary or separation concept used to address breaches, sanctions, appeals, or ending employment in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Dismissal for Misconduct

Dismissal for Misconduct is the termination of a public officer's employment following established disciplinary procedures where the proven conduct is serious enough to justify removal from the service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Disparate Effect

Disparate effect is another term for adverse impact, where a neutral policy has a disproportionate effect on a protected group.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Dismissal for Poor Performance

Dismissal for Poor Performance is a disciplinary or separation concept used to address breaches, sanctions, appeals, or ending employment in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Disparate Treatment

Disparate treatment is intentional unequal treatment of a person based on a protected characteristic.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Dismissal for Criminal Conviction

Dismissal for Criminal Conviction is a disciplinary or separation concept used to address breaches, sanctions, appeals, or ending employment in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Dismissal in the Public Interest

Dismissal in the Public Interest is a disciplinary or separation concept used to address breaches, sanctions, appeals, or ending employment in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Dismissal during Temporary Appointment

Dismissal during Temporary Appointment is an appointments rule or status used to govern entry, movement, or authority within the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Dismissal during Probationary Period

Dismissal during Probationary Period is a disciplinary or separation concept used to address breaches, sanctions, appeals, or ending employment in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Death of Employee and Leave Entitlement

Death of Employee and Leave Entitlement is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Departmental Leave

Departmental Leave is a discretionary period of approved absence granted by the department under the Staff Orders, usually for reasons that do not fit ordinary vacation or sick-leave treatment and subject to stated conditions.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Departmental Leave Rate

Departmental Leave Rate is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Directive to Proceed on Vacation Leave

Directive to Proceed on Vacation Leave is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Declaration of Age

Declaration of Age is a records and documentation concept used to support employee status, identity, entitlements, or official personnel history in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Declaration of Service

Declaration of Service is a records and documentation concept used to support employee status, identity, entitlements, or official personnel history in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Deferred Pension

Deferred Pension is a retirement or pension administration concept used to manage public-service benefit eligibility, supporting records, or claim processing in Jamaica.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Deferred Pension on Resignation

Deferred Pension on Resignation is a retirement or pension administration concept used to manage public-service benefit eligibility, supporting records, or claim processing in Jamaica.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Depreciation

Depreciation is the systematic allocation of a tangible fixed asset's cost over the periods that benefit from its use.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, fixed-assets

days' sales in accounts receivable

days' sales in accounts receivable is an asset account that records an amount due to the business but not yet collected.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

days' sales in inventory

days' sales in inventory is an inventory classification or inventory account used to measure goods, materials, or stock held for use, production, or sale.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

DCF

DCF stands for discounted cash flow, a valuation approach that estimates value by discounting expected future cash flows.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

death spiral

death spiral is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

debenture bond

debenture bond is a bond or debt-financing term used in accounting for borrowing, interest, premiums, discounts, issuance, or repayment.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

debit (as in debit and credit)

debit (as in debit and credit) is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

debit balance

debit balance is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

debit card

debit card is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

debit memorandum

debit memorandum is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

debt extinguishment

debt extinguishment is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

debt financing

debt financing is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

debt issue costs

debt issue costs is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

debt ratio

debt ratio is a financial ratio used to measure or evaluate a specific aspect of liquidity, profitability, efficiency, leverage, or performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

debt service

debt service is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

debt to equity ratio

debt to equity ratio is a financial ratio used to measure or evaluate a specific aspect of liquidity, profitability, efficiency, leverage, or performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

debt to total asset ratio

debt to total asset ratio is a financial ratio used to measure or evaluate a specific aspect of liquidity, profitability, efficiency, leverage, or performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

debtor

debtor is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

decentralization

decentralization is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

declaration date

declaration date is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

declining-balance method of depreciation

declining-balance method of depreciation is a depreciation-related term used to allocate the cost of a long-lived asset over its useful life.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

deferral

deferral is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

deferral-type adjusting entry

deferral-type adjusting entry is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

deferred charge

deferred charge is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

deferred debits

deferred debits is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

deferred expense

deferred expense is an expense account used to record the cost of a specific activity, resource, service, or obligation during an accounting period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

deferred income taxes

deferred income taxes is a tax-related term used in accounting, reporting, payroll, compliance, or statutory calculations.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

deferred revenues

Deferred revenue, also called unearned revenue, is the liability created when a customer pays before the business has delivered the promised goods or services.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, revenue-recognition

deficit

deficit is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

defined benefit pension plan

defined benefit pension plan is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

defined contribution pension plan

defined contribution pension plan is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

delivery equipment

delivery equipment is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

delivery expense

delivery expense is an expense account used to record the cost of a specific activity, resource, service, or obligation during an accounting period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

demand deposits

demand deposits is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

departmental overhead rate

departmental overhead rate is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

dependent variable

dependent variable is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

depletion

depletion is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

depletion expense

depletion expense is an expense account used to record the cost of a specific activity, resource, service, or obligation during an accounting period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

depositor

depositor is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

deposits

deposits is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

deposits in transit

deposits in transit is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

depreciable cost

depreciable cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

depreciated

depreciated is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

depreciation - accelerated

depreciation - accelerated is a depreciation-related term used to allocate the cost of a long-lived asset over its useful life.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

depreciation - double declining balance

depreciation - double declining balance is a depreciation-related term used to allocate the cost of a long-lived asset over its useful life.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

depreciation - straight line

depreciation - straight line is a depreciation-related term used to allocate the cost of a long-lived asset over its useful life.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

depreciation - sum of the years' digits

depreciation - sum of the years' digits is a depreciation-related term used to allocate the cost of a long-lived asset over its useful life.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

depreciation expense

depreciation expense is an expense account used to record the cost of a specific activity, resource, service, or obligation during an accounting period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

depreciation expense: equipment

depreciation expense: equipment is a depreciation-related term used to allocate the cost of a long-lived asset over its useful life.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

depreciation methods

depreciation methods is a depreciation-related term used to allocate the cost of a long-lived asset over its useful life.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

differential cost

differential cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

differential revenue

differential revenue is a revenue or income concept used to describe earnings recognized from business activity, financing, or other sources.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

direct allocation method

direct allocation method is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

direct cost

direct cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

direct costing

direct costing is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

direct labor efficiency variance

direct labor efficiency variance is a variance-analysis term used to compare actual results with standards, budgets, or expected performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

direct labor price variance

direct labor price variance is a variance-analysis term used to compare actual results with standards, budgets, or expected performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

direct labor quantity variance

direct labor quantity variance is a variance-analysis term used to compare actual results with standards, budgets, or expected performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

direct labor rate variance

direct labor rate variance is a variance-analysis term used to compare actual results with standards, budgets, or expected performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

direct labor usage variance

direct labor usage variance is a variance-analysis term used to compare actual results with standards, budgets, or expected performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

direct materials

direct materials is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

direct materials efficiency variance

direct materials efficiency variance is a variance-analysis term used to compare actual results with standards, budgets, or expected performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

direct materials inventory

direct materials inventory is an inventory classification or inventory account used to measure goods, materials, or stock held for use, production, or sale.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

direct materials price variance

direct materials price variance is a variance-analysis term used to compare actual results with standards, budgets, or expected performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

direct materials quantity variance

direct materials quantity variance is a variance-analysis term used to compare actual results with standards, budgets, or expected performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

direct materials usage variance

direct materials usage variance is a variance-analysis term used to compare actual results with standards, budgets, or expected performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

direct method

direct method is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

direct write-off method

direct write-off method is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

disclosure

disclosure is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

discontinued operations

discontinued operations is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

discount on bonds payable

discount on bonds payable is a liability account that records an amount owed by the business that remains unpaid at the reporting date.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

discount on notes payable

discount on notes payable is a liability account that records an amount owed by the business that remains unpaid at the reporting date.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

discount on notes receivable

discount on notes receivable is an asset account that records an amount due to the business but not yet collected.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

discount rate

discount rate is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

discounted cash flow model

discounted cash flow model is a cash-management or cash-reporting term used to measure cash balances, cash movement, or cash handling controls.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

discounted cash flow technique

discounted cash flow technique is a cash-management or cash-reporting term used to measure cash balances, cash movement, or cash handling controls.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

disposal of fixed assets

disposal of fixed assets is an asset-related term used to describe a resource controlled by the business that is expected to provide future economic benefit.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

dividend

dividend is a dividend-related term used to describe the declaration, payment, priority, or reporting of distributions to owners.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

dividend declaration date

dividend declaration date is a dividend-related term used to describe the declaration, payment, priority, or reporting of distributions to owners.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

dividend payment date

dividend payment date is a dividend-related term used to describe the declaration, payment, priority, or reporting of distributions to owners.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

dividend payout ratio

dividend payout ratio is a financial ratio used to measure or evaluate a specific aspect of liquidity, profitability, efficiency, leverage, or performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

dividend yield

dividend yield is a dividend-related term used to describe the declaration, payment, priority, or reporting of distributions to owners.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

dividends declared

dividends declared is a dividend-related term used to describe the declaration, payment, priority, or reporting of distributions to owners.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

dividends in arrears

dividends in arrears is a dividend-related term used to describe the declaration, payment, priority, or reporting of distributions to owners.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

dividends payable

dividends payable is a liability account that records an amount owed by the business that remains unpaid at the reporting date.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

divisions

divisions is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

dollar-value LIFO retail method

dollar-value LIFO retail method is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

dollar-value retail method

dollar-value retail method is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

donated capital

donated capital is an equity or capital term used to describe ownership interest, retained resources, or the financing structure of a business.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

donor

donor is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

donor restriction

donor restriction is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

donor-imposed condition

donor-imposed condition is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

donor-imposed restriction

donor-imposed restriction is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

double-declining balance method of depreciation

double-declining balance method of depreciation is a depreciation-related term used to allocate the cost of a long-lived asset over its useful life.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

double-entry accounting

double-entry accounting is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

downward demand spiral

downward demand spiral is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

draw

draw is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

drawing account

drawing account is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

dues

dues is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

duplicate payment

duplicate payment is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

Employee Turnover

Employee turnover measures how many employees leave the organization during a given reporting period.

The HR Dictionary • retention, attrition, employee lifecycle

Entertainment Allowance

Entertainment Allowance is a public-service allowance, benefit, or expense-related payment recognized under the Jamaica Staff Orders and paid only in the circumstances approved by government policy.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Employee Engagement

Employee engagement reflects the level of commitment, motivation, and discretionary effort employees bring to their work.

The HR Dictionary • engagement, culture, people analytics

External Communication

External Communication is a communication and information-governance concept used to guide internal, external, or administrative communication in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Emotional Intelligence

Emotional intelligence is the ability to recognize, understand, and manage emotions in oneself and others.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Employee

An employee is a worker hired by an employer under a contract of service and subject to the employer's direction and control.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Employee Benefits

Employee benefits are non-wage rewards provided by an employer, such as health coverage, pension plans, paid leave, or allowances.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, benefits

Employee Benefits Administration

Employee benefits administration is the operational management of plan enrollment, eligibility, deductions, vendors, and benefits compliance.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, payroll

Employee Database

An employee database is a centralized system that stores employee records such as job details, contact information, compensation, and employment history.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Employee Deductions

Employee deductions are amounts withheld from pay for taxes, statutory contributions, benefits, garnishments, or other approved items.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, payroll

Employee Empowerment

Employee empowerment is a management approach that gives employees more authority, autonomy, and responsibility in their work.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Employer-Employee Relations

Employer-Employee Relations is an employee-relations concept used to manage workplace concerns, representation, or dispute handling in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Employee Assistance Programme

Employee Assistance Programme is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Employee Engagement in HR

Employee engagement in HR is the measurement and improvement of how committed, motivated, and connected employees feel to the organization and their work.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Employee Evaluation

An employee evaluation is a formal review of an employee's performance, conduct, goals, and development needs.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Employee File

Employee File is the official personnel record that contains the documents needed to establish a public officer's identity, appointment history, conduct record, leave history, pay-related actions, and other employment facts.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Employee Handbook

An employee handbook is a document that outlines company policies, expectations, procedures, and employee rights or responsibilities.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Equal Opportunity

Equal Opportunity is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Employee Management

Employee management is the process of supervising, supporting, and directing employees throughout the employment lifecycle.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Exit Interview

Exit Interview is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Employee Net Promoter Score (eNPS)

Employee Net Promoter Score is a metric that measures how likely employees are to recommend their employer as a place to work.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Employee Onboarding

Employee onboarding is the process of integrating a new employee into the business, role, systems, and culture.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, leave

Employee Orientation

Employee orientation is the introductory process that familiarizes new hires with the organization, policies, workplace, and expectations.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Employee Relations

Employee relations is the management of the relationship between employer and employees, including communication, conflict resolution, and workplace climate.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Employee Satisfaction

Employee satisfaction is the extent to which employees feel content with their work, environment, pay, and overall employment experience.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Extended Sick Leave

Extended Sick Leave is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Education Tax

Education Tax is a statutory payroll tax in Jamaica that funds national education obligations through employee and employer contributions.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, payroll

Extension of Vacation Leave

Extension of Vacation Leave is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Employee Recourse and Redress

Employee Recourse and Redress is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Employee Access to Personal File

Employee Access to Personal File is a records and documentation concept used to support employee status, identity, entitlements, or official personnel history in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Eligibility for Travel and Subsistence

Eligibility for Travel and Subsistence is a travel, relocation, or duty-expense concept used to control reimbursement and allowances for official business in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

EBITDA

EBITDA means earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization and is a widely used measure of operating performance before financing and non-cash accounting effects.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-reporting

early payment discount

early payment discount is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

earned

earned is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

earnings per share (EPS)

earnings per share (EPS) is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

earnings quality

earnings quality is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

economic entity assumption

economic entity assumption is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

economic life

economic life is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

economic lot size

economic lot size is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

economic order quantity (EOQ) model

economic order quantity (EOQ) model is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

effective interest rate

effective interest rate is a financing term used to account for borrowing, lending, interest accrual, repayment, or debt structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

effective interest rate method of amortization

effective interest rate method of amortization is an amortization-related term used to spread the cost, discount, premium, or carrying amount of an item over time.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

efficiency variance

efficiency variance is a variance-analysis term used to compare actual results with standards, budgets, or expected performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

EFT

EFT stands for electronic funds transfer, the movement of money electronically between accounts or institutions.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

eighty/twenty rule

eighty/twenty rule is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

electronic funds transfer (EFT)

electronic funds transfer (EFT) is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

employee fringe benefits

employee fringe benefits is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

employer payroll taxes

employer payroll taxes is a tax-related term used in accounting, reporting, payroll, compliance, or statutory calculations.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, payroll

Employer's Tax Guide

Employer's Tax Guide is a tax-related term used in accounting, reporting, payroll, compliance, or statutory calculations.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

endowment

endowment is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

endowment fund

endowment fund is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

entity as a whole

entity as a whole is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

EOM

EOM usually means end of month in payment terms, billing schedules, and settlement arrangements.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

EOQ

EOQ stands for economic order quantity, a model used to determine the ideal order size that minimizes ordering and holding cost.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

EPS

EPS stands for earnings per share, a measure of profit attributable to each outstanding share of common stock.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

equipment

equipment is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

equipment rental expense

equipment rental expense is an expense account used to record the cost of a specific activity, resource, service, or obligation during an accounting period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

equity

equity is an equity or capital term used to describe ownership interest, retained resources, or the financing structure of a business.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

equity financing

equity financing is an equity or capital term used to describe ownership interest, retained resources, or the financing structure of a business.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

equity section of the balance sheet

equity section of the balance sheet is an equity or capital term used to describe ownership interest, retained resources, or the financing structure of a business.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

equivalent units

equivalent units is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

equivalent units of production

equivalent units of production is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

escrow

escrow is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

estimates

estimates is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

estimating inventory

estimating inventory is an inventory classification or inventory account used to measure goods, materials, or stock held for use, production, or sale.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

ex-dividend

ex-dividend is a dividend-related term used to describe the declaration, payment, priority, or reporting of distributions to owners.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

exchange of dissimilar nonmonetary assets

exchange of dissimilar nonmonetary assets is an asset-related term used to describe a resource controlled by the business that is expected to provide future economic benefit.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

exchange of similar nonmonetary assets

exchange of similar nonmonetary assets is an asset-related term used to describe a resource controlled by the business that is expected to provide future economic benefit.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

exempt employee

exempt employee is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

expanded accounting equation

expanded accounting equation is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

expected value

expected value is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

expenditure

expenditure is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

expenses

expenses is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

expenses and losses

expenses and losses is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

expenses by function

expenses by function is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

expired costs

expired costs is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

exploding the bills of materials

exploding the bills of materials is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

extension or extend

extension or extend is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

external financial reporting

external financial reporting is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

external reporting

external reporting is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

extinguishment of debt

extinguishment of debt is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

extraordinary repair

extraordinary repair is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

Flexible Work Schedule

Flexible Work Schedule is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Federal Minimum Wage

Federal minimum wage is the lowest hourly wage employers may legally pay covered workers under U.S. federal law.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, payroll

Flexible Workplace

A flexible workplace is a work environment that allows adaptability in schedule, location, role design, or work arrangement.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Floating Holiday

A floating holiday is a paid day off that employees may take on a date of their choice, subject to policy and approval.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, leave

Fringe Benefits

Fringe benefits are additional non-salary perks or services provided to employees as part of total compensation.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, benefits

Front Pay

Front pay is monetary compensation awarded instead of reinstatement for future earnings an employee is expected to lose.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, payroll

FTE (Full-Time Equivalent)

Full-time equivalent is a workforce measurement that converts labor hours into the number of full-time workers represented.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Full-Time Hours

Full-time hours are the number of hours an employer defines as constituting full-time employment, subject to law or policy.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

File 13

File 13 refers to Jamaica's customary or contractual thirteenth salary or Christmas bonus payment practice, where applicable.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, jamaica

Family Benefit Act Claims

Family Benefit Act Claims is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Financial Support for Training

Financial Support for Training is a training and development concept used to regulate learning support, employee obligations, and workforce capability in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Fully or Partially Maintained Vehicle Allowance

Fully or Partially Maintained Vehicle Allowance is a public-service allowance, benefit, or expense-related payment recognized under the Jamaica Staff Orders and paid only in the circumstances approved by government policy.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Fixed Assets

Fixed assets are long-term tangible assets used in the business over more than one reporting period, such as equipment, vehicles, furniture, and buildings.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, fixed-assets

Fiscal Year

A fiscal year is the 12-month financial reporting period a business uses for budgeting, accounting, and statutory reporting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • reporting period, financial close, budgeting

factoring accounts receivable

factoring accounts receivable is an asset account that records an amount due to the business but not yet collected.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

factory burden

factory burden is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

factory overhead

factory overhead is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

FAF

FAF stands for the Financial Accounting Foundation, the body that oversees FASB and related standard-setting activities.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

fair market value

fair market value is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

FAS

FAS refers to Financial Accounting Standards issued under prior U.S. accounting guidance frameworks.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

FASB

FASB stands for the Financial Accounting Standards Board, the primary U.S. accounting standard-setting body.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

FASB interpretation

FASB interpretation is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

FASB pronouncements

FASB pronouncements is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

FASB Statement 116

FASB Statement 116 is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

FASB Statement 117

FASB Statement 117 is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

FASB statements of financial accounting concepts

FASB statements of financial accounting concepts is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

FASB statements of financial accounting standards

FASB statements of financial accounting standards is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

favorable variance

favorable variance is a variance-analysis term used to compare actual results with standards, budgets, or expected performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

federal income tax withholdings payable

federal income tax withholdings payable is a liability account that records an amount owed by the business that remains unpaid at the reporting date.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

Federal Insurance Contributions Act (FICA)

Federal Insurance Contributions Act (FICA) is an insurance-related accounting term used to record premiums, liabilities, expense recognition, or benefit protection.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, payroll

federal unemployment tax

federal unemployment tax is a tax-related term used in accounting, reporting, payroll, compliance, or statutory calculations.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

fees earned

fees earned is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

FEI

FEI stands for Financial Executives International, a professional association for senior finance leaders.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

FG Inventory

FG inventory means finished goods inventory, the completed products held for sale.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

FICA

FICA stands for the Federal Insurance Contributions Act, the U.S. payroll tax system funding Social Security and Medicare.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, payroll

FICA expense: delivery

FICA expense: delivery is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, payroll

FICA expense: selling & admin

FICA expense: selling & admin is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, payroll

FICA expense: warehouse

FICA expense: warehouse is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, payroll

FICA tax payable

FICA tax payable is a liability account that records an amount owed by the business that remains unpaid at the reporting date.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, payroll

FIFO

FIFO stands for first in, first out, a cost flow assumption where the earliest inventory costs are assigned first.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

FIFO cost flow assumption

FIFO cost flow assumption is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

financial accounting

financial accounting is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

Financial Accounting Foundation (FAF)

Financial Accounting Foundation (FAF) is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB)

Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

financial leverage

financial leverage is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

financial ratios

financial ratios is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

financial reporting

financial reporting is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

financial statement analysis

financial statement analysis is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

financial statements

financial statements is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

financial statements of nonprofits

financial statements of nonprofits is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

financing activities

financing activities is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

finished goods inventory

finished goods inventory is an inventory classification or inventory account used to measure goods, materials, or stock held for use, production, or sale.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

first in, first out (FIFO)

first in, first out (FIFO) is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

first in, still here (FISH)

first in, still here (FISH) is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

FISH

FISH stands for first in, still here, an informal way to describe older inventory that remains on hand.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

fixed costs

fixed costs is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

fixed expenses

fixed expenses is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

fixed manufacturing overhead applied

fixed manufacturing overhead applied is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

fixed manufacturing overhead budget variance

fixed manufacturing overhead budget variance is a budgeting term used to plan, compare, or control expected revenue, cost, capacity, or spending.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

fixed manufacturing overhead incurred

fixed manufacturing overhead incurred is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

fixed manufacturing overhead volume variance

fixed manufacturing overhead volume variance is a variance-analysis term used to compare actual results with standards, budgets, or expected performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

fixed overhead budget variance

fixed overhead budget variance is a budgeting term used to plan, compare, or control expected revenue, cost, capacity, or spending.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

fixed overhead spending variance

fixed overhead spending variance is a variance-analysis term used to compare actual results with standards, budgets, or expected performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

fixed rate loan

fixed rate loan is a financing term used to account for borrowing, lending, interest accrual, repayment, or debt structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

flexible budget

flexible budget is a budgeting term used to plan, compare, or control expected revenue, cost, capacity, or spending.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

float

float is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

flow-through contributions

flow-through contributions is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

FOB

FOB stands for free on board and defines the point at which shipping ownership and risk transfer.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

FOB destination

FOB destination is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

FOB shipping point

FOB shipping point is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

foot

foot is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

footnotes

footnotes is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

for-profit organization

for-profit organization is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

Form 10-K

Form 10-K is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

Form 990

Form 990 is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

free cash flow

free cash flow is a cash-management or cash-reporting term used to measure cash balances, cash movement, or cash handling controls.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

free cash flow per share

free cash flow per share is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

free on board (FOB)

free on board (FOB) is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

freight-in

freight-in is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

freight-out

freight-out is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

fringe benefit rate

fringe benefit rate is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

fringe benefits

fringe benefits is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

full costing

full costing is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

full disclosure principle

full disclosure principle is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

fully depreciated

fully depreciated is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

functional and natural matrix

functional and natural matrix is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

functional basis

functional basis is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

functional expense classification

functional expense classification is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, payroll

fundraising expenses

fundraising expenses is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

funds flow statement

funds flow statement is a formal financial statement or reporting document used to summarize financial position, performance, or cash movement.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

furniture and fixtures

furniture and fixtures is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

FUTA

FUTA stands for the Federal Unemployment Tax Act, the U.S. federal payroll tax that funds unemployment programs.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, payroll

future value of 1 table

future value of 1 table is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

future value of an annuity due

future value of an annuity due is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

future value of an ordinary annuity

future value of an ordinary annuity is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

Gross Pay

Gross pay is the total earnings an employee earns before deductions, taxes, or benefits are applied.

The HR Dictionary • payroll, payslips, compensation

Government Copyright

Government Copyright is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Government Copyright Ownership

Government Copyright Ownership is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Government Copyright Use

Government Copyright Use is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Government Copyright Royalties

Government Copyright Royalties is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Gifts and Exchanges

Gifts and Exchanges is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Grievance Procedure

Grievance Procedure is an employee-relations concept used to manage workplace concerns, representation, or dispute handling in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Garnishment

A garnishment is a court-ordered or legally required deduction from wages to pay a debt, support order, or other obligation.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, payroll

Generation Y

Generation Y usually refers to Millennials, the generation broadly born between the early 1980s and mid-1990s.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Generation Z

Generation Z is the generation broadly born from the mid-1990s onward and is often discussed in workforce trends and talent planning.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Gross Income

Gross income is total earnings or receipts before taxes, deductions, or expenses are subtracted.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Gross Misconduct

Gross misconduct is serious employee misconduct that may justify immediate disciplinary action or dismissal.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Gross vs. Net Income

Gross versus net income refers to the difference between total earnings before deductions and the final amount remaining after deductions or expenses.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Gross Wages

Gross wages are the full wages earned by an employee before any deductions are applied.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, payroll

Grant of Departmental Leave

Grant of Departmental Leave is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Grant of Sick Leave

Grant of Sick Leave is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Grant of Vacation Leave

Grant of Vacation Leave is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

General Ledger

The general ledger is the central accounting record that stores summarized financial activity by account across the entire business.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, general-ledger

Gross Margin

Gross margin is the percentage of revenue remaining after deducting cost of goods sold or direct cost of sales.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, gross-margin

GAAP

GAAP stands for generally accepted accounting principles, the formal accounting framework used primarily in the United States for financial reporting and disclosure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

gain contingency

gain contingency is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

gain on retirement of bonds

gain on retirement of bonds is a bond or debt-financing term used in accounting for borrowing, interest, premiums, discounts, issuance, or repayment.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

gain on sale of assets

gain on sale of assets is an asset-related term used to describe a resource controlled by the business that is expected to provide future economic benefit.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

gain on sale of automobile

gain on sale of automobile is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

gain on sale of equipment

gain on sale of equipment is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

gain on sale of investments

gain on sale of investments is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

gain on sale of land

gain on sale of land is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

gain on sale of truck

gain on sale of truck is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

gain or loss on the sale of a long-term asset

gain or loss on the sale of a long-term asset is an asset-related term used to describe a resource controlled by the business that is expected to provide future economic benefit.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

gains

gains is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

garnishment

garnishment is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

garnishment payable

garnishment payable is a liability account that records an amount owed by the business that remains unpaid at the reporting date.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

general journal

general journal is a journal or bookkeeping term used to record accounting entries in chronological order.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

general journal entry

general journal entry is a journal or bookkeeping term used to record accounting entries in chronological order.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

general ledger account

general ledger account is a ledger-related term used to organize, summarize, and report account activity or balances.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP)

Generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP, are the formal accounting standards and conventions used primarily in the United States.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

going concern assumption

going concern assumption is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

good output

good output is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

goods in transit

goods in transit is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

goodwill

goodwill is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

gross

gross is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

gross profit

Gross profit is revenue minus cost of goods sold or direct cost of sales, before operating expenses are deducted.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, gross-profit

gross profit method of estimating inventory

gross profit method of estimating inventory is an inventory classification or inventory account used to measure goods, materials, or stock held for use, production, or sale.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

gross profit percentage

gross profit percentage is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

gross profit ratio

gross profit ratio is a financial ratio used to measure or evaluate a specific aspect of liquidity, profitability, efficiency, leverage, or performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

gross salaries

gross salaries is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

gross sales

gross sales is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

gross wages

gross wages is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, payroll

House Allowance

House Allowance is a public-service allowance, benefit, or expense-related payment recognized under the Jamaica Staff Orders and paid only in the circumstances approved by government policy.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Headcount

Headcount is the number of active employees or workers associated with the organization at a point in time.

The HR Dictionary • organization design, staffing, workforce analytics

Handling Disciplinary Action

Handling Disciplinary Action is a disciplinary or separation concept used to address breaches, sanctions, appeals, or ending employment in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Harassment at the Workplace

Harassment at the Workplace is a workplace welfare concept used to support employee wellbeing, safety, dignity, and support services in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Health Education and Counselling Services

Health Education and Counselling Services is a workplace welfare concept used to support employee wellbeing, safety, dignity, and support services in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Health, Safety and Welfare Policies at the Workplace

Health, Safety and Welfare Policies at the Workplace is a workplace welfare concept used to support employee wellbeing, safety, dignity, and support services in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Honorarium

Honorarium is a compensation and payroll concept used to determine how public officers are paid, graded, or rewarded in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Hours of Work

Hours of Work are the approved daily and weekly duty periods assigned to a public officer, including any rostered, shift, flex, or special work arrangements recognized by the employer.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

How to Seek Legal Advice

How to Seek Legal Advice is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Holiday Pay

Holiday pay is compensation provided for a public holiday, whether for time not worked, time worked, or both, according to policy or law.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, payroll

Hourly Employee

An hourly employee is a worker paid based on the number of hours worked rather than a fixed salary.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Hourly to Annual Salary

Hourly to annual salary is the conversion of an hourly pay rate into an estimated yearly income based on assumed work hours.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, payroll

Hours Worked

Hours worked are the time periods for which an employee must be paid, including regular hours and, where applicable, certain waiting or on-duty time.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

HR Software

HR software is technology used to manage employee data, recruiting, onboarding, payroll inputs, leave, performance, and HR operations.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Half-Pay Leave

Half-Pay Leave is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

HR Business Partner

An HR business partner is an HR professional who works closely with leaders to align people strategy with business goals.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Human Capital Management (HCM)

Human capital management is the strategic and operational management of workforce processes, talent, and employee development.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Human Resources Information System (HRIS)

A human resources information system is software used primarily for storing and managing employee information and core HR data.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Human Resources Management System (HRMS)

A human resources management system is an integrated system that supports HR, payroll, time, and workforce management processes.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Hourly to Salary

Hourly to salary is the conversion of hourly compensation into a fixed salary equivalent based on expected work time.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, payroll

Hourly to Yearly

Hourly to yearly is the calculation that estimates annual pay from an hourly wage rate.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Human Resource Audit

A human resource audit is a formal review of HR policies, records, controls, and compliance practices.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

HEART/NTA

HEART/NTA refers to Jamaica's Human Employment and Resource Training / National Training Agency, a workforce development institution that may affect payroll contributions or compliance obligations.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, jamaica

Hiring Alternate Transportation

Hiring Alternate Transportation is a travel, relocation, or duty-expense concept used to control reimbursement and allowances for official business in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

health insurance expense: delivery

health insurance expense: delivery is an insurance-related accounting term used to record premiums, liabilities, expense recognition, or benefit protection.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

health insurance expense: selling & admin

health insurance expense: selling & admin is an insurance-related accounting term used to record premiums, liabilities, expense recognition, or benefit protection.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

health insurance expense: warehouse

health insurance expense: warehouse is an insurance-related accounting term used to record premiums, liabilities, expense recognition, or benefit protection.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

held-to-maturity securities

held-to-maturity securities is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

high-low method

high-low method is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

historical cost

historical cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

holding costs

holding costs is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

holding gain

holding gain is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

holding loss

holding loss is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

holiday, vacation, sick days expense: delivery

holiday, vacation, sick days expense: delivery is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

holiday, vacation, sick days expense: warehouse

holiday, vacation, sick days expense: warehouse is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

holiday, vacation, sick days payable

holiday, vacation, sick days payable is a liability account that records an amount owed by the business that remains unpaid at the reporting date.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

horizontal analysis

horizontal analysis is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

hurdle rate

hurdle rate is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

Internal Communication

Internal Communication is a communication and information-governance concept used to guide internal, external, or administrative communication in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Interdiction from Duty

Interdiction from Duty is the temporary removal of an officer from normal duty, usually pending the outcome of criminal or disciplinary proceedings, under the conditions allowed by the public-service rules.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Inclusion

Inclusion is the creation of a workplace where people of different backgrounds feel respected, supported, and able to contribute fully.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Independent Contractor

An independent contractor is a self-employed worker engaged to provide services under a contract for services rather than a contract of employment.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Indirect Compensation

Indirect compensation is the non-cash part of compensation, such as benefits, employer-paid insurance, or retirement contributions.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Informal Communication

Informal communication is non-structured workplace communication that occurs outside formal reporting or documented channels.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Illness while Abroad

Illness while Abroad is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

IASB

IASB stands for the International Accounting Standards Board, the body that issues IFRS accounting standards.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

IFRS

IFRS stands for International Financial Reporting Standards, the global accounting framework used in many countries for statutory and external financial reporting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

illusory profits

illusory profits is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

IMA

IMA stands for the Institute of Management Accountants, a professional body for management accounting and finance professionals.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

impairment

impairment is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

impairment of long-lived assets

impairment of long-lived assets is an asset-related term used to describe a resource controlled by the business that is expected to provide future economic benefit.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

implicit interest rate

implicit interest rate is a financing term used to account for borrowing, lending, interest accrual, repayment, or debt structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

imprest amount

imprest amount is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

imputed interest

imputed interest is a financing term used to account for borrowing, lending, interest accrual, repayment, or debt structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

in-kind

in-kind is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

in-process inventory

in-process inventory is an inventory classification or inventory account used to measure goods, materials, or stock held for use, production, or sale.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

income

income is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

income from operations

income from operations is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

income statement

An income statement is the financial statement that reports revenue, expenses, and profit or loss for a reporting period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, financial-statements

income statement account

income statement account is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

income summary account

income summary account is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

income tax code

income tax code is a tax-related term used in accounting, reporting, payroll, compliance, or statutory calculations.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

income tax depreciation

income tax depreciation is a depreciation-related term used to allocate the cost of a long-lived asset over its useful life.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

income tax expense

income tax expense is an expense account used to record the cost of a specific activity, resource, service, or obligation during an accounting period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

income taxes payable

income taxes payable is a liability account that records an amount owed by the business that remains unpaid at the reporting date.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

incremental cost

incremental cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

incremental income tax rate

incremental income tax rate is a tax-related term used in accounting, reporting, payroll, compliance, or statutory calculations.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

incremental revenue

incremental revenue is a revenue or income concept used to describe earnings recognized from business activity, financing, or other sources.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

incurred

incurred is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

indenture

indenture is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

independent contractor

independent contractor is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

independent variable

independent variable is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

indirect cost

indirect cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

indirect factory costs

indirect factory costs is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

indirect labor

indirect labor is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

indirect manufacturing costs

indirect manufacturing costs is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

indirect materials

indirect materials is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

indirect method of SCF

indirect method of SCF is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

industry practices

industry practices is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

inelastic demand

inelastic demand is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

information

information is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

insolvent

insolvent is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

Institute of Management Accountants

Institute of Management Accountants is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

insurance

insurance is an insurance-related accounting term used to record premiums, liabilities, expense recognition, or benefit protection.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

insurance expense

insurance expense is an expense account used to record the cost of a specific activity, resource, service, or obligation during an accounting period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

intangible assets

intangible assets is an asset-related term used to describe a resource controlled by the business that is expected to provide future economic benefit.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

interest earned

interest earned is a financing term used to account for borrowing, lending, interest accrual, repayment, or debt structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

interest expense

interest expense is an expense account used to record the cost of a specific activity, resource, service, or obligation during an accounting period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

interest income

interest income is a revenue or income concept used to describe earnings recognized from business activity, financing, or other sources.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

interest payable

interest payable is a liability account that records an amount owed by the business that remains unpaid at the reporting date.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

interest receivable

interest receivable is an asset account that records an amount due to the business but not yet collected.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

interest revenues

interest revenues is a revenue or income concept used to describe earnings recognized from business activity, financing, or other sources.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

interim financial statement

interim financial statement is a formal financial statement or reporting document used to summarize financial position, performance, or cash movement.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

internal rate of return

internal rate of return is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

Internal Revenue Service (IRS)

Internal Revenue Service (IRS) is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

International Accounting Standards Board (IASB)

International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS)

International Financial Reporting Standards, or IFRS, are the global accounting standards used in many jurisdictions for external reporting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

interperiod tax allocation

interperiod tax allocation is a tax-related term used in accounting, reporting, payroll, compliance, or statutory calculations.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

interpretations

interpretations is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

intraperiod tax allocations

intraperiod tax allocations is a tax-related term used in accounting, reporting, payroll, compliance, or statutory calculations.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

inventoriable cost

inventoriable cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

inventory

inventory is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

inventory carrying costs

inventory carrying costs is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

inventory conformity rule

inventory conformity rule is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

inventory cost flow assumption

inventory cost flow assumption is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

inventory extension

inventory extension is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

inventory holding costs

inventory holding costs is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

inventory shrinkage

inventory shrinkage is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

inventory turnover ratio

Inventory turnover ratio measures how often inventory is sold or consumed and replaced during the reporting period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

inventory valuation

inventory valuation is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

inventory: FG

inventory: FG is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

inventory: finished goods (FG)

inventory: finished goods (FG) is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

inventory: materials

inventory: materials is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

inventory: WIP

inventory: WIP is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

inventory: work-in-process (WIP)

inventory: work-in-process (WIP) is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

investing activities

investing activities is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

investment centers

investment centers is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

investment in another company

investment in another company is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

investment revenues

investment revenues is a revenue or income concept used to describe earnings recognized from business activity, financing, or other sources.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

investment securities

investment securities is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

investments

investments is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

invoice

invoice is a billing or payables document term used to record, approve, or settle an amount due in a business transaction.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

IRR

IRR stands for internal rate of return, the discount rate at which a project's net present value equals zero.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

IRS

IRS stands for the Internal Revenue Service, the U.S. federal tax authority.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

IRS Publication 15

IRS Publication 15, also called Employer's Tax Guide, provides U.S. federal payroll tax guidance for employers.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

Job Description

A job description defines the purpose, responsibilities, qualifications, and reporting structure of a role.

The HR Dictionary • roles, job titles, recruitment

Job Classification

Job Classification is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Job Dissatisfaction

Job dissatisfaction is an employee's negative perception of their work, conditions, leadership, compensation, or growth opportunities.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Journal Entry

A journal entry is the formal accounting record used to post debits and credits into the ledger.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, journal-entries

J. Ott, Capital

J. Ott, Capital is an equity or capital term used to describe ownership interest, retained resources, or the financing structure of a business.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

J. Ott, Drawing

J. Ott, Drawing is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

JIT

JIT stands for just-in-time, an inventory and production approach that reduces stock on hand by synchronizing supply with demand.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

job cost record

job cost record is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

job costing

job costing is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

job order cost sheet

job order cost sheet is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

job order costing

job order costing is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

job order system

job order system is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

joint cost

joint cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

joint product

joint product is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

journal

journal is a journal or bookkeeping term used to record accounting entries in chronological order.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

journalize

journalize is a journal or bookkeeping term used to record accounting entries in chronological order.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

just-in-time (JIT)

just-in-time (JIT) is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

Knowledge Management

Knowledge management is the process of capturing, organizing, sharing, and using institutional knowledge across the business.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

kiting

kiting is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

Laundry Allowance

Laundry Allowance is a public-service allowance, benefit, or expense-related payment recognized under the Jamaica Staff Orders and paid only in the circumstances approved by government policy.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Leave Accrual

Leave accrual is the process of earning paid leave balances gradually over time based on policy rules.

The HR Dictionary • leave, pto, leave balances

Level / Grade

Level / Grade is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Legal Advice from the Attorney General

Legal Advice from the Attorney General is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Legal Proceedings Against the Government for Actions of Public Officers

Legal Proceedings Against the Government for Actions of Public Officers is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Legal Proceedings Against Public Officers

Legal Proceedings Against Public Officers is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Legal Proceedings by Public Officers

Legal Proceedings by Public Officers is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Leave (Jamaica Public Service)

Leave (Jamaica Public Service) is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Leave Authority

Leave Authority is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Leave for Injury on the Job

Leave for Injury on the Job is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Leave Prior to Retirement

Leave Prior to Retirement is a retirement or pension administration concept used to manage public-service benefit eligibility, supporting records, or claim processing in Jamaica.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Leave Prior to Dismissal

Leave Prior to Dismissal is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Leave Prior to Resignation

Leave Prior to Resignation is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Labor Force

The labor force is the total population of people who are employed or actively seeking work.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Labor Market

The labor market is the environment in which employers seek workers and workers seek jobs, shaped by supply, demand, wages, and skills.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Leave Accrual Processing

Leave accrual processing is the calculation and posting of earned leave balances according to company policy and employment rules.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, leave

Leave of Absence

A leave of absence is an approved period away from work for personal, medical, family, or other qualifying reasons.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, leave

Letter of Termination

A letter of termination is a formal written notice communicating the end of an employee's employment and any related terms.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

LRIDA

LRIDA refers to Jamaica's Labour Relations and Industrial Disputes Act, which governs trade disputes, industrial action, and labor relations processes.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, jamaica

Lengthened Salary Scale

Lengthened Salary Scale is a compensation and payroll concept used to determine how public officers are paid, graded, or rewarded in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Leave to Attend Courses Related to Union Affairs

Leave to Attend Courses Related to Union Affairs is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Letter "H"

Letter "H" is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

labor efficiency variance

labor efficiency variance is a variance-analysis term used to compare actual results with standards, budgets, or expected performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

labor rate variance

labor rate variance is a variance-analysis term used to compare actual results with standards, budgets, or expected performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

labor variances

labor variances is a variance-analysis term used to compare actual results with standards, budgets, or expected performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

land

land is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

land improvements

land improvements is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

landlord

landlord is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

last in, first out (LIFO)

last in, first out (LIFO) is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

lawsuit payable

lawsuit payable is a liability account that records an amount owed by the business that remains unpaid at the reporting date.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

LCM

LCM stands for lower of cost or market, an older inventory valuation rule used in some accounting contexts.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

lead time

lead time is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

learning curve

learning curve is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

leaseback

leaseback is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

leasehold improvements

leasehold improvements is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

least-squares regression method

least-squares regression method is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

ledger

ledger is a ledger-related term used to organize, summarize, and report account activity or balances.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

legal capital

legal capital is an equity or capital term used to describe ownership interest, retained resources, or the financing structure of a business.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

lend

lend is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

lender

lender is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

lessee

lessee is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

lessor

lessor is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

letter of credit

letter of credit is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

leverage

leverage is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

liabilities

liabilities is a liability-related term used to describe an obligation the business owes to another party.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

lien

lien is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

LIFO

LIFO stands for last in, first out, a cost flow assumption where the most recent inventory costs are assigned first.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

LIFO conformity rule

LIFO conformity rule is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

LIFO liquidation of layer

LIFO liquidation of layer is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

LIFO reserve

LIFO reserve is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

limited liability company

limited liability company is a liability-related term used to describe an obligation the business owes to another party.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

line of credit

line of credit is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

linear programming

linear programming is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

liquidation of LIFO layer

liquidation of LIFO layer is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

liquidity

liquidity is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

liquidity ratios

liquidity ratios is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

LLC

LLC stands for limited liability company, a legal business structure combining liability protection with flexible tax treatment.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

loan amortization schedule

loan amortization schedule is an amortization-related term used to spread the cost, discount, premium, or carrying amount of an item over time.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

loans receivable

loans receivable is an asset account that records an amount due to the business but not yet collected.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

lock-box system

lock-box system is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

long-lived assets

long-lived assets is an asset-related term used to describe a resource controlled by the business that is expected to provide future economic benefit.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

long-term assets

long-term assets is an asset-related term used to describe a resource controlled by the business that is expected to provide future economic benefit.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

long-term investments

long-term investments is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

long-term liabilities

long-term liabilities is a liability-related term used to describe an obligation the business owes to another party.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

loss

loss is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

loss contingency

loss contingency is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

loss from labor strike

loss from labor strike is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

loss from lawsuit

loss from lawsuit is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

loss from reducing inventory to NRV

loss from reducing inventory to NRV is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

loss on sale of assets

loss on sale of assets is an asset-related term used to describe a resource controlled by the business that is expected to provide future economic benefit.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

loss on sale of computer

loss on sale of computer is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

loss on sale of equipment

loss on sale of equipment is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

loss on sale of land

loss on sale of land is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

loss on sale of truck

loss on sale of truck is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

losses

losses is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

lost opportunity

lost opportunity is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

lower of cost or market

lower of cost or market is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

lower of cost or net realizable value

lower of cost or net realizable value is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

Maternity Leave

Maternity Leave is the protected period of leave granted in connection with pregnancy and childbirth, including any related conditions about pay, medical certification, and return to duty.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Medical Certificates for Leave

Medical Certificates for Leave is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Medical Boards

Medical Boards is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Medical Leave of Absence

A medical leave of absence is approved time away from work due to an employee's health condition or medical treatment.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, leave

Military Leave from Work

Military leave from work is time away granted to employees for military service obligations, subject to legal protections and policy.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, leave

Millennials

Millennials are the workforce generation generally born between the early 1980s and mid-1990s and are often discussed in engagement and talent trends.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Minimum Wage

Minimum wage is the lowest pay rate an employer may legally pay covered employees.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, payroll

Minimum Wage Act

The Minimum Wage Act is legislation that establishes the minimum legal wage employers must pay covered workers.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, payroll

Maternity

Maternity in HR and payroll context refers to pregnancy-related employment rights, leave, protection, and pay treatment.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, leave

Managerial Authority

Managerial Authority is an employee movement or management concept used to govern authority, placement, probation, or progression in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Media Communication

Media Communication is a communication and information-governance concept used to guide internal, external, or administrative communication in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Medical Examination for Appointment

Medical Examination for Appointment is the pre-appointment or appointment-related health assessment used to determine whether a candidate or officer is medically fit for the duties of the office.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Medical Report

Medical Report is a records and documentation concept used to support employee status, identity, entitlements, or official personnel history in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Monthly Staff Meetings

Monthly Staff Meetings is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Maintenance of Personal File

Maintenance of Personal File is a records and documentation concept used to support employee status, identity, entitlements, or official personnel history in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Mandatory Retirement Age

Mandatory Retirement Age is a retirement or pension administration concept used to manage public-service benefit eligibility, supporting records, or claim processing in Jamaica.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Medical Fitness for Training

Medical Fitness for Training is a training and development concept used to regulate learning support, employee obligations, and workforce capability in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Motor Vehicle Loan

Motor Vehicle Loan is a travel, relocation, or duty-expense concept used to control reimbursement and allowances for official business in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

major repairs

major repairs is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

make or buy decision

make or buy decision is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

management accounting

management accounting is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

management and general expenses

management and general expenses is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

management's discussion and analysis

management's discussion and analysis is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

managerial accounting

managerial accounting is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

manual system

manual system is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

manufacturing cell

manufacturing cell is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

manufacturing costs

manufacturing costs is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

manufacturing overhead

manufacturing overhead is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

manufacturing support costs

manufacturing support costs is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

margin of safety

margin of safety is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

marginal cost

marginal cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

marginal revenue

marginal revenue is a revenue or income concept used to describe earnings recognized from business activity, financing, or other sources.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

markdown

markdown is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

markdown cancellation

markdown cancellation is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

market interest rate

market interest rate is a financing term used to account for borrowing, lending, interest accrual, repayment, or debt structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

market share

market share is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

marketable debt securities

marketable debt securities is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

marketable equity securities

marketable equity securities is an equity or capital term used to describe ownership interest, retained resources, or the financing structure of a business.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

marketable securities

marketable securities is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

markup

markup is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

markup cancellation

markup cancellation is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

Mary Smith, Capital

Mary Smith, Capital is an owner's equity or partner capital account used to record ownership interest for Mary Smith.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

Mary Smith, Drawing

Mary Smith, Drawing is an owner's drawing account used to record withdrawals made by Mary Smith from the business.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

matching principle

matching principle is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

materiality

materiality is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

materials inventory

materials inventory is an inventory classification or inventory account used to measure goods, materials, or stock held for use, production, or sale.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

materials price variance

materials price variance is a variance-analysis term used to compare actual results with standards, budgets, or expected performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

materials quantity variance

materials quantity variance is a variance-analysis term used to compare actual results with standards, budgets, or expected performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

materials usage variance

materials usage variance is a variance-analysis term used to compare actual results with standards, budgets, or expected performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

matrix format

matrix format is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

Matt Jones, Capital

Matt Jones, Capital is an equity or capital term used to describe ownership interest, retained resources, or the financing structure of a business.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

Matt Jones, Current year net income

Matt Jones, Current year net income is a revenue or income concept used to describe earnings recognized from business activity, financing, or other sources.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

Medicare tax

Medicare tax is the U.S. payroll tax withheld to fund the Medicare healthcare program.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, payroll

membership dues

membership dues is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

memo entry

memo entry is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

merchandise

merchandise is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

merchandise in transit

merchandise in transit is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

merchandise inventory

merchandise inventory is an inventory classification or inventory account used to measure goods, materials, or stock held for use, production, or sale.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

merchandiser

merchandiser is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

MICR

MICR stands for magnetic ink character recognition, the banking technology used to read printed cheque information.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

mid-month convention

mid-month convention is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

mid-year convention

mid-year convention is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

MIS

MIS stands for management information system, a system used to collect and report business information for decision-making.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

miscellaneous expense

miscellaneous expense is an expense account used to record the cost of a specific activity, resource, service, or obligation during an accounting period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

mixed costs

mixed costs is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

mixed expenses

mixed expenses is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

mm

MM commonly means million in financial shorthand, depending on reporting context.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

monetary asset

monetary asset is an asset-related term used to describe a resource controlled by the business that is expected to provide future economic benefit.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

monetary unit assumption

monetary unit assumption is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

money market account

money market account is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

mortgage

mortgage is a financing term used to account for borrowing, lending, interest accrual, repayment, or debt structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

mortgage bond

mortgage bond is a bond or debt-financing term used in accounting for borrowing, interest, premiums, discounts, issuance, or repayment.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

mortgage loan

mortgage loan is a financing term used to account for borrowing, lending, interest accrual, repayment, or debt structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

mortgage loan payable

mortgage loan payable is a liability account that records an amount owed by the business that remains unpaid at the reporting date.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

mortgage loan receivable

mortgage loan receivable is an asset account that records an amount due to the business but not yet collected.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

moving average

moving average is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

multicollinearity

multicollinearity is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

multiple regression analysis

multiple regression analysis is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

multiple-step income statement

multiple-step income statement is a formal financial statement or reporting document used to summarize financial position, performance, or cash movement.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

Net Pay

Net pay is the amount an employee receives after taxes, statutory deductions, and other deductions are removed from gross pay.

The HR Dictionary • payroll, payslips, deductions

No-Pay Leave

No-Pay Leave is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Nepotism

Nepotism is favoritism shown to relatives or close associates in hiring, promotion, or workplace decisions.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

NIS

NIS refers to the National Insurance Scheme, a statutory social security contribution system used in Jamaica and some other jurisdictions.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, payroll

NHT

NHT refers to the National Housing Trust contribution in Jamaica, a statutory payroll deduction and employer contribution tied to housing benefits and compliance.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, payroll

New Hire Report

A new hire report is the employer submission used to notify government authorities about newly hired employees, where required by law.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, recruiting

Non-Resident Alien

A non-resident alien is a U.S. tax classification for a foreign individual who does not meet residency tests for tax purposes.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Newsletters

Newsletters is a communication and information-governance concept used to guide internal, external, or administrative communication in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

NAA

NAA stands for the National Association of Accountants, the former name of the Institute of Management Accountants.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

National Association of Accountants (NAA)

National Association of Accountants (NAA) is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

natural basis

natural basis is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

natural business year

natural business year is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

natural expense classification

natural expense classification is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, payroll

natural resources

natural resources is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

negative owner's equity

negative owner's equity is an equity or capital term used to describe ownership interest, retained resources, or the financing structure of a business.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

net

net is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

net assets

net assets is an asset-related term used to describe a resource controlled by the business that is expected to provide future economic benefit.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

net assets with donor restrictions

net assets with donor restrictions is an asset-related term used to describe a resource controlled by the business that is expected to provide future economic benefit.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

net assets without donor restrictions

net assets without donor restrictions is an asset-related term used to describe a resource controlled by the business that is expected to provide future economic benefit.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

net book value

net book value is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

net carrying amount

net carrying amount is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

net cash flow from financing activities

net cash flow from financing activities is a cash-management or cash-reporting term used to measure cash balances, cash movement, or cash handling controls.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

net cash flow from investing activities

net cash flow from investing activities is a cash-management or cash-reporting term used to measure cash balances, cash movement, or cash handling controls.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

net cash flow from operating activities

net cash flow from operating activities is a cash-management or cash-reporting term used to measure cash balances, cash movement, or cash handling controls.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

net credit sales

net credit sales is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

net current assets

net current assets is an asset-related term used to describe a resource controlled by the business that is expected to provide future economic benefit.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

net income

Net income is the profit remaining after all operating costs, financing costs, taxes, and other recognized expenses have been deducted from revenue.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, profitability

net income available for common stock

net income available for common stock is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

net loss

net loss is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

net method of recording accounts payable

net method of recording accounts payable is a liability account that records an amount owed by the business that remains unpaid at the reporting date.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

net of tax

net of tax is a tax-related term used in accounting, reporting, payroll, compliance, or statutory calculations.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

net operating income (NOI)

net operating income (NOI) is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

net pay

net pay is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, payroll

net payroll payable

net payroll payable is a liability account that records an amount owed by the business that remains unpaid at the reporting date.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, payroll

net present value

net present value is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

net purchases

net purchases is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

net realizable value (NRV)

net realizable value (NRV) is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

net sales

net sales is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

net working capital

Net working capital is another name for working capital and represents current assets minus current liabilities.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, liquidity

next-in, first-out cost flow assumption

next-in, first-out cost flow assumption is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

NIFO

NIFO means next in, first out, a hypothetical cost flow concept that values usage at replacement cost rather than actual historical cost.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

no-par value stock

no-par value stock is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

NOI

NOI stands for net operating income, a measure of profit from core operations before certain non-operating items.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

nominal account

nominal account is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

nominal interest rate

nominal interest rate is a financing term used to account for borrowing, lending, interest accrual, repayment, or debt structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

noncash expense

noncash expense is an expense account used to record the cost of a specific activity, resource, service, or obligation during an accounting period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

noncumulative preferred stock

noncumulative preferred stock is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

noncurrent assets

noncurrent assets is an asset-related term used to describe a resource controlled by the business that is expected to provide future economic benefit.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

noncurrent liabilities

noncurrent liabilities is a liability-related term used to describe an obligation the business owes to another party.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

nonexempt employee

nonexempt employee is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

nonmanufacturing overhead cost

nonmanufacturing overhead cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

nonmonetary asset

nonmonetary asset is an asset-related term used to describe a resource controlled by the business that is expected to provide future economic benefit.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

nonoperating expense

nonoperating expense is an expense account used to record the cost of a specific activity, resource, service, or obligation during an accounting period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

nonoperating income/revenue

nonoperating income/revenue is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

nonparticipating preferred stock

nonparticipating preferred stock is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

nonprofit organization

nonprofit organization is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

nontrade receivables

nontrade receivables is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

normal account balance

normal account balance is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

normal costing

normal costing is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

normal operating activities

normal operating activities is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

normal spoilage

normal spoilage is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

not sufficient funds (NSF) check

not sufficient funds (NSF) check is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

not-for-profit organization

not-for-profit organization is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

notes payable

notes payable is a liability account that records an amount owed by the business that remains unpaid at the reporting date.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

notes receivable

notes receivable is an asset account that records an amount due to the business but not yet collected.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

notes to financial statements

notes to financial statements is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

NPV

NPV stands for net present value, the present value of future cash inflows minus outflows using a chosen discount rate.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

NRV

NRV stands for net realizable value, the estimated selling price minus completion and disposal costs.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

NSF check

An NSF check is a not-sufficient-funds check returned because the payer's bank account did not contain enough money.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

Onboarding

Onboarding is the structured process of integrating a new employee into the business, role, systems, and culture.

The HR Dictionary • onboarding, new hires, employee setup

Official Quarters

Official Quarters is a travel, relocation, or duty-expense concept used to control reimbursement and allowances for official business in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Offer Letter

An offer letter is the formal document used to communicate employment terms to a selected candidate.

The HR Dictionary • recruitment, hiring, new hire

Organizational Chart

An organizational chart visually shows reporting lines, departments, and role hierarchy across the business.

The HR Dictionary • org chart, org structure, reporting lines

Occupational Category

Occupational Category is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Occupational Group

Occupational Group is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Occupational Stress

Occupational stress is work-related physical or emotional strain caused by job demands, environment, or organizational factors.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Offboarding

Offboarding is the structured process of managing an employee's exit from the organization, including records, equipment, access, and final pay.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, leave

Overtime

Overtime is authorized work performed beyond the officer's normal approved hours of duty and compensated according to the rules that apply to the post, grade, and category of employee.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Orientation of New Employees

Orientation of New Employees is a training and development concept used to regulate learning support, employee obligations, and workforce capability in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

OASDI

OASDI stands for Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance, the Social Security component of U.S. payroll taxes.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, payroll

objectives of financial reporting

objectives of financial reporting is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

objectivity

objectivity is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

obsolescence

obsolescence is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

OEM

OEM stands for original equipment manufacturer, commonly used in manufacturing, procurement, and product cost contexts.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

off balance sheet financing

off balance sheet financing is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

office equipment

office equipment is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

office equipment expense

office equipment expense is an expense account used to record the cost of a specific activity, resource, service, or obligation during an accounting period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

office supplies expense

office supplies expense is an expense account used to record the cost of a specific activity, resource, service, or obligation during an accounting period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

officers

officers is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

old-age, survivor, and disability insurance (OASDI)

old-age, survivor, and disability insurance (OASDI) is an insurance-related accounting term used to record premiums, liabilities, expense recognition, or benefit protection.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, payroll

omitted dividends on preferred stock

omitted dividends on preferred stock is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

on account

on account is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

on consignment

on consignment is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

on credit

on credit is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

operating activities

operating activities is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

operating cycle

operating cycle is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

operating expenses

operating expenses is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

operating income

Operating income is profit earned from core business operations before interest, taxes, and certain non-operating items are considered.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, operating-performance

operating loss

operating loss is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

opportunity cost

opportunity cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

order costs

order costs is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

ordinary annuity

ordinary annuity is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

ordinary repairs

ordinary repairs is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

organic growth

organic growth is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

organization as a whole

organization as a whole is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

organization chart

organization chart is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

organization-sustaining activities

organization-sustaining activities is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

other accrued expenses payable

other accrued expenses payable is a liability account that records an amount owed by the business that remains unpaid at the reporting date.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

other assets

other assets is an asset-related term used to describe a resource controlled by the business that is expected to provide future economic benefit.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

other current assets

other current assets is an asset-related term used to describe a resource controlled by the business that is expected to provide future economic benefit.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

other current liabilities

other current liabilities is a liability-related term used to describe an obligation the business owes to another party.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

outlier

outlier is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

output

output is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

outside supplier

outside supplier is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

outsourcing

outsourcing is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

outstanding checks

outstanding checks is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

outstanding shares of common stock

outstanding shares of common stock is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

overabsorbed

overabsorbed is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

overapplied overhead costs

overapplied overhead costs is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

overdraws

overdraws is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

overhead application

overhead application is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

overhead costs

overhead costs is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

overhead variances

overhead variances is a variance-analysis term used to compare actual results with standards, budgets, or expected performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

overstates

overstates is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

overtime pay

overtime pay is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

overtime premium

overtime premium is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

owner's (stockholders') equity

owner's (stockholders') equity is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

owner's capital account

owner's capital account is an equity or capital term used to describe ownership interest, retained resources, or the financing structure of a business.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

owner's capital account - beg of year

owner's capital account - beg of year is an equity or capital term used to describe ownership interest, retained resources, or the financing structure of a business.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

owner's drawing account

owner's drawing account is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

owner's equity accounts

owner's equity accounts is an equity or capital term used to describe ownership interest, retained resources, or the financing structure of a business.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

Paid Time Off

Paid time off is compensated leave that allows employees to be absent without losing earnings.

The HR Dictionary • leave, pto, vacation

Performance Review

A performance review is a structured evaluation of an employee's work outcomes, behaviors, and development goals.

The HR Dictionary • performance, appraisal, employee review

Probation Period

A probation period is an initial employment period used to assess suitability, performance, and role fit.

The HR Dictionary • employment, contracts, probation

Permanent Appointment

Permanent Appointment is the substantive appointment of an officer to an established public-service post, subject to any required probation, confirmation, or statutory conditions attached to the office.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Public Service Post

Public Service Post is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Position Classification

Position Classification is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Public Service Pay

Public Service Pay is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Public Service Salary

Public Service Salary is a compensation and payroll concept used to determine how public officers are paid, graded, or rewarded in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Payment of Leave on Death of Employee

Payment of Leave on Death of Employee is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Period of Departmental Leave

Period of Departmental Leave is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Period of Sick Leave

Period of Sick Leave is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Part-Time Study Courses

Part-Time Study Courses is a training and development concept used to regulate learning support, employee obligations, and workforce capability in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

PTO

PTO stands for paid time off and refers to compensated leave employees can use for vacation, illness, or personal time, depending on policy.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

PAYE

PAYE stands for Pay As You Earn and refers to payroll income tax withheld by employers from employee earnings.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, payroll

Period of Vacation Leave

Period of Vacation Leave is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Paid Holidays

Paid holidays are employer-recognized holiday days for which eligible employees receive pay according to policy or law.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, leave

Paid Time Off (PTO)

Paid time off is compensated leave that allows employees to be absent without losing earnings.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Part-Time Hours

Part-time hours are work hours below the employer's or legal threshold for full-time employment.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Partial Pay

Partial pay is a reduced amount of wages or salary paid for a period in which full earnings do not apply.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, payroll

Passive Candidate

A passive candidate is a person who is not actively applying for jobs but may be open to a recruiting opportunity.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, recruiting

Pay Calculation

Pay calculation is the process of determining employee earnings, deductions, taxes, and net pay for a payroll period.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, payroll

Payment of Subsistence while on Temporary Transfer

Payment of Subsistence while on Temporary Transfer is a travel, relocation, or duty-expense concept used to control reimbursement and allowances for official business in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Pay Group

A pay group is a grouping of employees who share the same payroll schedule, rules, or processing profile.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, payroll

Pensionable Service in Other Central Government and Parish Council Employment

Pensionable Service in Other Central Government and Parish Council Employment is a retirement or pension administration concept used to manage public-service benefit eligibility, supporting records, or claim processing in Jamaica.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Pay Period

A pay period is the recurring span of time for which employee earnings are calculated before payroll is processed.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, payroll

Pension, Gratuities and Other Retiring Allowances

Pension, Gratuities and Other Retiring Allowances are the retirement-related benefits that may become payable when a public officer leaves service, depending on service status, qualifying years, and the rules governing the post.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Payroll

Payroll is the process of calculating employee earnings, deductions, taxes, and payments for each pay cycle.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, payroll

Payroll Activities

Payroll activities are the operational tasks involved in preparing, calculating, reviewing, approving, and paying payroll.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, payroll

Payroll Deduction

A payroll deduction is an amount withheld from employee pay for taxes, benefits, loans, garnishments, or other approved items.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, payroll

Payroll Service

A payroll service is a provider or managed solution that handles payroll processing, filings, payments, or compliance tasks for an employer.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, payroll

Payroll Software

Payroll software is technology used to calculate pay, taxes, deductions, filings, payslips, and related payroll workflows.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, payroll

Payroll Tax Rates

Payroll tax rates are the statutory percentages or formulas used to calculate payroll-related taxes and contributions.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, payroll

Pay Stub

A pay stub is the employee-facing payroll statement showing gross pay, deductions, taxes, and net pay for a period.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, payroll

Proof of Identity

Proof of Identity is a records and documentation concept used to support employee status, identity, entitlements, or official personnel history in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Per Diem

Per diem is a daily allowance or rate paid for travel, meals, lodging, or other approved business expenses.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Performance Improvement

Performance improvement is the process of helping an employee raise their work performance through feedback, support, and measurable expectations.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Performance Management

Performance management is the ongoing process of setting expectations, reviewing results, coaching employees, and improving performance outcomes.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Personal Income Tax (PIT)

Personal income tax is the tax imposed on an individual's earnings according to the rules of the applicable tax jurisdiction.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, payroll

Pension Particulars Form

Pension Particulars Form is a retirement or pension administration concept used to manage public-service benefit eligibility, supporting records, or claim processing in Jamaica.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Pre-Tax Deduction

A pre-tax deduction is an amount withheld from gross pay before certain taxes are calculated.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, payroll

Performance Management (Jamaica Public Service)

Performance Management in the Jamaica public service is the structured process for setting work expectations, reviewing results, documenting conduct and capability, and supporting decisions on development, confirmation, and accountability.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Prior Period Adjustment

A prior period adjustment is a correction made in the current period for an error or omission related to an earlier payroll or accounting period.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Performance Management Authority

Performance Management Authority is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Performance Management Administration

Performance Management Administration is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Performance Management Objectives

Performance Management Objectives is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Permission to Work Away from Official Location

Permission to Work Away from Official Location is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Political Activity

Political Activity refers to conduct by a public officer that engages party-political campaigning, advocacy, or partisan action in a way that may conflict with the duty of impartial public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Private Work

Private Work refers to outside employment, business activity, or paid service undertaken by a public officer apart from official duties and subject to public-service ethics and approval rules.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Probationary Period

Probationary Period is the initial period of assessed service during which a newly appointed officer's conduct, performance, health, and suitability for confirmation are formally reviewed.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Promotion (Jamaica Public Service)

Promotion (Jamaica Public Service) is an employee movement or management concept used to govern authority, placement, probation, or progression in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Protocol

Protocol is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Punctuality and Attendance

Punctuality and Attendance is a work-time rule that sets expectations for reporting, attendance, punctuality, or scheduled hours in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Premature Retirement

Premature Retirement is a retirement or pension administration concept used to manage public-service benefit eligibility, supporting records, or claim processing in Jamaica.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Purpose of Training

Purpose of Training is a training and development concept used to regulate learning support, employee obligations, and workforce capability in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Purpose of Travel and Subsistence

Purpose of Travel and Subsistence is a travel, relocation, or duty-expense concept used to control reimbursement and allowances for official business in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Profit and Loss Statement

A profit and loss statement summarizes revenue, costs, and expenses to show whether the business made a profit or loss.

The Accountant's Dictionary • financial statements, income statement, profitability

Prepayment

A prepayment is an amount paid in advance for goods or services that will be consumed in a future period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accruals, prepaid expenses, month end close

P & L

P & L stands for profit and loss statement, the financial statement that summarizes revenue, expenses, and profit.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

p.o.

P.O. stands for purchase order, the formal document authorizing a procurement transaction.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

Pacioli

Pacioli refers to Luca Pacioli, the historical figure associated with formalizing double-entry bookkeeping.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

paid sick days

paid sick days is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

paid vacation days

paid vacation days is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

paid-in capital

paid-in capital is an equity or capital term used to describe ownership interest, retained resources, or the financing structure of a business.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

paid-in capital from treasury stock

paid-in capital from treasury stock is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

paid-in capital in excess of par value

paid-in capital in excess of par value is an equity or capital term used to describe ownership interest, retained resources, or the financing structure of a business.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

paid-in capital in excess of par value - common stock

paid-in capital in excess of par value - common stock is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

paid-in capital in excess of par value - preferred stock

paid-in capital in excess of par value - preferred stock is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

paid-in capital in excess of stated value - common stock

paid-in capital in excess of stated value - common stock is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

par value

par value is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

par value of bonds

par value of bonds is a bond or debt-financing term used in accounting for borrowing, interest, premiums, discounts, issuance, or repayment.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

par value of common stock

par value of common stock is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

par value of preferred stock

par value of preferred stock is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

participating preferred stock

participating preferred stock is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

partnership

partnership is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

pass-through contributions

pass-through contributions is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

past cost

past cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

payable

payable is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

payback

payback is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

payback period

payback period is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

payee

payee is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

payroll accrual

payroll accrual is a payroll accounting term used to record employee compensation, withholdings, tax obligations, or payroll liabilities.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, payroll

payroll tax liability

payroll tax liability is a tax-related term used in accounting, reporting, payroll, compliance, or statutory calculations.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, payroll

payroll taxes

payroll taxes is a tax-related term used in accounting, reporting, payroll, compliance, or statutory calculations.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, payroll

payroll taxes payable

payroll taxes payable is a liability account that records an amount owed by the business that remains unpaid at the reporting date.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, payroll

payroll withholdings

payroll withholdings is a payroll accounting term used to record employee compensation, withholdings, tax obligations, or payroll liabilities.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, payroll

PCAOB

PCAOB stands for the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, the regulator that oversees audits of public companies in the United States.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

pension expense

pension expense is an expense account used to record the cost of a specific activity, resource, service, or obligation during an accounting period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

pension payable

pension payable is a liability account that records an amount owed by the business that remains unpaid at the reporting date.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

period cost

period cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

periodic average

periodic average is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

periodic FIFO

periodic FIFO is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

periodic LIFO

periodic LIFO is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

periodic system of inventory

periodic system of inventory is an inventory classification or inventory account used to measure goods, materials, or stock held for use, production, or sale.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

periodicity

periodicity is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

permanent accounts

permanent accounts is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

permanently restricted net assets

permanently restricted net assets is an asset-related term used to describe a resource controlled by the business that is expected to provide future economic benefit.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

perpetual average

perpetual average is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

perpetual FIFO

perpetual FIFO is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

perpetual inventory

perpetual inventory is an inventory classification or inventory account used to measure goods, materials, or stock held for use, production, or sale.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

perpetual inventory method

perpetual inventory method is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

perpetual LIFO

perpetual LIFO is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

perpetual system of inventory

perpetual system of inventory is an inventory classification or inventory account used to measure goods, materials, or stock held for use, production, or sale.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

PERT

PERT stands for program evaluation and review technique, a project planning and scheduling method.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

petty cash

petty cash is a cash-management or cash-reporting term used to measure cash balances, cash movement, or cash handling controls.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

petty cash receipt

petty cash receipt is a cash-management or cash-reporting term used to measure cash balances, cash movement, or cash handling controls.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

petty cash replenishment

petty cash replenishment is a cash-management or cash-reporting term used to measure cash balances, cash movement, or cash handling controls.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

petty cash voucher

petty cash voucher is a cash-management or cash-reporting term used to measure cash balances, cash movement, or cash handling controls.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

phantom profits

phantom profits is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

physical count

physical count is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

physical inventory

physical inventory is an inventory classification or inventory account used to measure goods, materials, or stock held for use, production, or sale.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

physical life

physical life is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

plant assets

plant assets is an asset-related term used to describe a resource controlled by the business that is expected to provide future economic benefit.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

plant-wide overhead rate

plant-wide overhead rate is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

pledged asset

pledged asset is an asset-related term used to describe a resource controlled by the business that is expected to provide future economic benefit.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

POP

POP commonly means point of purchase or proof of posting, depending on the accounting or retail operations context.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

POS

POS stands for point of sale, the place and system where customer transactions are completed.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

post balance sheet event

post balance sheet event is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

post-closing trial balance

A post-closing trial balance is the balance report prepared after closing entries are posted, showing the accounts that carry forward into the next period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, reporting

postdated check

postdated check is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

posting

posting is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

postretirement benefits

postretirement benefits is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

predetermined overhead rate

predetermined overhead rate is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

preferred stock

preferred stock is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

preferred stock $100 par

preferred stock $100 par is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

preferred stock account

preferred stock account is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

premium on bonds payable

premium on bonds payable is a liability account that records an amount owed by the business that remains unpaid at the reporting date.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

premium on common stock

premium on common stock is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

premium on preferred stock

premium on preferred stock is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

prepaid advertising

prepaid advertising is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

prepaid asset

prepaid asset is an asset-related term used to describe a resource controlled by the business that is expected to provide future economic benefit.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

prepaid association dues

prepaid association dues is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

prepaid dues

prepaid dues is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

prepaid expense

prepaid expense is an expense account used to record the cost of a specific activity, resource, service, or obligation during an accounting period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

prepaid insurance

prepaid insurance is an insurance-related accounting term used to record premiums, liabilities, expense recognition, or benefit protection.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

prepaid rent

prepaid rent is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

prepayment-type adjusting entry

prepayment-type adjusting entry is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

present value

present value is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

present value factors

present value factors is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

present value model

present value model is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

present value of 1 table

present value of 1 table is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

present value of a single amount

present value of a single amount is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

present value of an annuity

present value of an annuity is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

present value of an annuity due

present value of an annuity due is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

present value of an annuity due table

present value of an annuity due table is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

present value of an ordinary annuity

present value of an ordinary annuity is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

present value of an ordinary annuity table

present value of an ordinary annuity table is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

present value table

present value table is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

price earnings ratio

price earnings ratio is a financial ratio used to measure or evaluate a specific aspect of liquidity, profitability, efficiency, leverage, or performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

price variance

price variance is a variance-analysis term used to compare actual results with standards, budgets, or expected performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

primary activities

primary activities is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

prime costs

prime costs is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

principal

principal is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

principal payment

principal payment is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

principles and guidelines

principles and guidelines is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

prior period adjustment

prior period adjustment is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

pro forma financial statement

pro forma financial statement is a formal financial statement or reporting document used to summarize financial position, performance, or cash movement.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

pro forma income

pro forma income is a revenue or income concept used to describe earnings recognized from business activity, financing, or other sources.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

pro rata

pro rata is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

proceeds

proceeds is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

process costing system

process costing system is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

procurement

procurement is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

product cost

product cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

product warranty cost

product warranty cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

production costs

production costs is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

production department

production department is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

production service department

production service department is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

production volume variance

production volume variance is a variance-analysis term used to compare actual results with standards, budgets, or expected performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

profit center

profit center is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

profit margin

profit margin is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

profitability

profitability is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

program evaluation and review technique (PERT)

program evaluation and review technique (PERT) is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

program expenses

program expenses is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

program services

program services is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

promissory note

promissory note is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

property dividend

property dividend is a dividend-related term used to describe the declaration, payment, priority, or reporting of distributions to owners.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

property, plant, and equipment

property, plant, and equipment is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

proprietor

proprietor is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

proprietorship

proprietorship is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

prorate

prorate is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

provision for doubtful accounts

provision for doubtful accounts is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

public companies

public companies is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB)

Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

Publication 15

Publication 15 is the U.S. Employer's Tax Guide issued by the IRS for payroll tax withholding and deposit rules.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

publicly traded stock

publicly traded stock is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

purchase allowance

purchase allowance is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

purchase commitments

purchase commitments is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

purchase discount

purchase discount is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

purchase order

purchase order is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

purchase return

purchase return is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

purchases

purchases is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

purchases - net

purchases - net is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

purchases discounts

purchases discounts is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

purchases returns and allowances

purchases returns and allowances is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

purpose restriction

purpose restriction is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

PV

PV stands for present value, the current value of a future amount or cash flow discounted to today.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

Quiet Quitting

Quiet quitting is an informal term describing employees who do only the work required by their role and avoid extra effort beyond defined expectations.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Qualification or Proficiency Bar

Qualification or Proficiency Bar is the point in a grade, scale, or progression path at which an officer must satisfy a stated qualification, examination, or competency standard before further advancement can occur.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Quarterly Meetings

Quarterly Meetings is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

qualitative characteristics

qualitative characteristics is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

quality of earnings

quality of earnings is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

quantity variance

quantity variance is a variance-analysis term used to compare actual results with standards, budgets, or expected performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

quarterly earnings

quarterly earnings is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

quick assets

quick assets is an asset-related term used to describe a resource controlled by the business that is expected to provide future economic benefit.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

quick ratio

quick ratio is a financial ratio used to measure or evaluate a specific aspect of liquidity, profitability, efficiency, leverage, or performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

QuickBooks

QuickBooks is accounting software used by many businesses for bookkeeping, invoicing, payroll, and reporting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

Right to Appeal

Right to Appeal is a disciplinary or separation concept used to address breaches, sanctions, appeals, or ending employment in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Reporting Sick Leave

Reporting Sick Leave is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Recreated Leave

Recreated Leave is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Recalled Leave

Recalled Leave is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Resumption from Vacation Leave

Resumption from Vacation Leave is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Retirement on Medical Grounds

Retirement on Medical Grounds is a retirement or pension administration concept used to manage public-service benefit eligibility, supporting records, or claim processing in Jamaica.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Recruiting Software

Recruiting software is technology used to manage candidate sourcing, job postings, applications, interview workflows, and hiring communication.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, recruiting

Regular Time

Regular time is the normal compensated work time that does not qualify as overtime or premium pay.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Requirements for an Effective Performance Management System

Requirements for an Effective Performance Management System is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Retaliation

Retaliation is adverse action taken against an employee for reporting misconduct, asserting legal rights, or participating in protected activity.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Redundancy

Redundancy is the elimination of a role because the position is no longer required, often due to restructuring, automation, or business change.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Roles and Responsibilities of Managers

Roles and Responsibilities of Managers is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Retention Strategy

A retention strategy is a structured plan used to reduce avoidable employee turnover and keep valuable talent in the organization.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Roles and Responsibilities of Employees

Roles and Responsibilities of Employees is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Role of Reviewing Officer

Role of Reviewing Officer is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Role of the Human Resource Manager

Role of the Human Resource Manager is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Reimbursement for Damage of Baggage

Reimbursement for Damage of Baggage is a travel, relocation, or duty-expense concept used to control reimbursement and allowances for official business in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Reimbursement of Expenses in Lieu of Subsistence

Reimbursement of Expenses in Lieu of Subsistence is a travel, relocation, or duty-expense concept used to control reimbursement and allowances for official business in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Removal Expenses

Removal Expenses is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Removal Expenses for Family

Removal Expenses for Family is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Resignation (Jamaica Public Service)

Resignation (Jamaica Public Service) is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Responsibilities and Roles of the Employee

Responsibilities and Roles of the Employee is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Responsibilities and Roles of the Employer

Responsibilities and Roles of the Employer is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Retirement Grounds (Jamaica Public Service)

Retirement Grounds (Jamaica Public Service) is a retirement or pension administration concept used to manage public-service benefit eligibility, supporting records, or claim processing in Jamaica.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Retirement Due to Abolition of Post

Retirement Due to Abolition of Post is a retirement or pension administration concept used to manage public-service benefit eligibility, supporting records, or claim processing in Jamaica.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Retirement Due to Re-Organization

Retirement Due to Re-Organization is a retirement or pension administration concept used to manage public-service benefit eligibility, supporting records, or claim processing in Jamaica.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Royalties

Royalties is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Responsibility for Training

Responsibility for Training is a training and development concept used to regulate learning support, employee obligations, and workforce capability in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Revenue Recognition

Revenue recognition is the accounting rule that determines when revenue should be recorded in the financial statements.

The Accountant's Dictionary • revenue, contracts, financial reporting

R & D

R & D stands for research and development, the activities undertaken to create or improve products, services, or processes.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

r squared

R squared is a statistical measure that shows how much of the variation in a dependent variable is explained by a model.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

R. Smith, Capital at Beginning of Year

R. Smith, Capital at Beginning of Year is an equity or capital term used to describe ownership interest, retained resources, or the financing structure of a business.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

R. Smith, Current Year Net Income

R. Smith, Current Year Net Income is a revenue or income concept used to describe earnings recognized from business activity, financing, or other sources.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

R. Smith, Drawing

R. Smith, Drawing is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

ratio analysis

ratio analysis is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

raw materials inventory

raw materials inventory is an inventory classification or inventory account used to measure goods, materials, or stock held for use, production, or sale.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

real account

real account is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

receipts

receipts is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

receiving report

receiving report is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

reciprocal method

reciprocal method is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

reciprocal services

reciprocal services is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

reconciliation of bank statement

reconciliation of bank statement is a formal financial statement or reporting document used to summarize financial position, performance, or cash movement.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

record date

record date is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

redemption of bonds payable

redemption of bonds payable is a liability account that records an amount owed by the business that remains unpaid at the reporting date.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

regression analysis

regression analysis is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

regression line

regression line is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

relative sales value method of allocating cost

relative sales value method of allocating cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

relevance

relevance is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

relevant cost

relevant cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

relevant range

relevant range is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

reliability

reliability is a liability-related term used to describe an obligation the business owes to another party.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

reliable

reliable is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

rent expense

rent expense is an expense account used to record the cost of a specific activity, resource, service, or obligation during an accounting period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

rent revenue/income

rent revenue/income is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

reorder point

reorder point is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

repairs

repairs is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

repairs and maintenance expense

repairs and maintenance expense is an expense account used to record the cost of a specific activity, resource, service, or obligation during an accounting period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

replacement cost

replacement cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

replenish

replenish is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

replenishing petty cash

replenishing petty cash is a cash-management or cash-reporting term used to measure cash balances, cash movement, or cash handling controls.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

required rate of return

required rate of return is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

research and development costs

research and development costs is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

residual

residual is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

residual income (RI)

residual income (RI) is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

residual value

residual value is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

restricted accounts

restricted accounts is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

restricted cash

restricted cash is a cash-management or cash-reporting term used to measure cash balances, cash movement, or cash handling controls.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

restricted retained earnings

restricted retained earnings is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

restricted support

restricted support is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

retail method of estimating inventory

retail method of estimating inventory is an inventory classification or inventory account used to measure goods, materials, or stock held for use, production, or sale.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

retained earnings

Retained earnings are the cumulative profits of the business that have been kept in the company rather than distributed to owners.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, equity

retained earnings statement

retained earnings statement is a formal financial statement or reporting document used to summarize financial position, performance, or cash movement.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

retirement of assets

retirement of assets is an asset-related term used to describe a resource controlled by the business that is expected to provide future economic benefit.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

retirement of bonds

retirement of bonds is a bond or debt-financing term used in accounting for borrowing, interest, premiums, discounts, issuance, or repayment.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

return on average common stockholders' equity

return on average common stockholders' equity is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

return on capital employed

return on capital employed is an equity or capital term used to describe ownership interest, retained resources, or the financing structure of a business.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

return on investment (ROI)

return on investment (ROI) is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

return on stockholders' equity

return on stockholders' equity is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

returned check

returned check is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

revenue expenditure

revenue expenditure is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

revenue recognition principle

revenue recognition principle is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

revenues

revenues is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

revenues and gains

revenues and gains is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

revenues from service charges

revenues from service charges is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

reversing entry

reversing entry is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

revision of depreciation estimates

revision of depreciation estimates is a depreciation-related term used to allocate the cost of a long-lived asset over its useful life.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

RI

RI stands for residual income, a performance metric that measures profit above a required return on investment.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

Robert Morgan, Capital

Robert Morgan, Capital is an equity or capital term used to describe ownership interest, retained resources, or the financing structure of a business.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

ROCE

ROCE stands for return on capital employed, a profitability ratio that evaluates earnings relative to capital used in the business.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

ROI

ROI stands for return on investment, a ratio that measures gain or loss relative to the amount invested.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

rolling budget

rolling budget is a budgeting term used to plan, compare, or control expected revenue, cost, capacity, or spending.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

rolling horizon budget

rolling horizon budget is a budgeting term used to plan, compare, or control expected revenue, cost, capacity, or spending.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

root cause

root cause is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

rubber check

rubber check is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

rule of 72

rule of 72 is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

Seniority Allowance

Seniority Allowance is a public-service allowance, benefit, or expense-related payment recognized under the Jamaica Staff Orders and paid only in the circumstances approved by government policy.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Succession Planning

Succession planning identifies critical roles and prepares internal talent to step into them when needed.

The HR Dictionary • talent management, leadership pipeline, development

Standard of Behaviour on the Job

Standard of Behaviour on the Job is a conduct and ethics standard that guides acceptable employee behaviour in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Standard of Behaviour to Co-workers, Clients and the General Public

Standard of Behaviour to Co-workers, Clients and the General Public is a conduct and ethics standard that guides acceptable employee behaviour in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Salary Scale / Scalar Salary

Salary Scale / Scalar Salary is a compensation and payroll concept used to determine how public officers are paid, graded, or rewarded in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Settlement of Disputes

Settlement of Disputes is an employee-relations concept used to manage workplace concerns, representation, or dispute handling in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Sick Leave

Sick Leave is authorized absence from duty on account of illness, injury, or medical incapacity, granted under the rules that govern certification, pay, duration, and continued fitness for duty.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Sick Leave Rate

Sick Leave Rate is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Special Sick Leave

Special Sick Leave is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Special Leave

Special Leave is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Special Leave While in Military Assignment

Special Leave While in Military Assignment is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Special Leave for International Events

Special Leave for International Events is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Special Leave for Jury Duty

Special Leave for Jury Duty is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Study Leave

Study Leave is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Support for Study Leave

Support for Study Leave is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Study Leave Bonding

Study Leave Bonding is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Salary in Lieu of Vacation Leave

Salary in Lieu of Vacation Leave is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Submission of Pension Claims

Submission of Pension Claims is a retirement or pension administration concept used to manage public-service benefit eligibility, supporting records, or claim processing in Jamaica.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Supporting Documents for Pension Claims

Supporting Documents for Pension Claims is a retirement or pension administration concept used to manage public-service benefit eligibility, supporting records, or claim processing in Jamaica.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Service outside Central Government

Service outside Central Government is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Salary Payable on Promotion

Salary Payable on Promotion is a compensation and payroll concept used to determine how public officers are paid, graded, or rewarded in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Salaries (Jamaica Public Service)

Salaries (Jamaica Public Service) is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Salary on First Appointment

Salary on First Appointment is an appointments rule or status used to govern entry, movement, or authority within the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Salary on Promotion

Salary on Promotion is a compensation and payroll concept used to determine how public officers are paid, graded, or rewarded in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Shortened Salary Scale

Shortened Salary Scale is a compensation and payroll concept used to determine how public officers are paid, graded, or rewarded in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Salary Upgrading

Salary Upgrading is a compensation and payroll concept used to determine how public officers are paid, graded, or rewarded in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Salary Increments

Salary Increments is a compensation and payroll concept used to determine how public officers are paid, graded, or rewarded in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Salary for Additional Qualifications

Salary for Additional Qualifications is a training and development concept used to regulate learning support, employee obligations, and workforce capability in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Secondment outside Central Government

Secondment outside Central Government is the temporary assignment of a public officer to serve in another organization outside the central-government establishment while maintaining a defined employment link to the original service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Separation for a Cause

Separation for a Cause is a disciplinary or separation concept used to address breaches, sanctions, appeals, or ending employment in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Separation for Absence without Permission

Separation for Absence without Permission is a disciplinary or separation concept used to address breaches, sanctions, appeals, or ending employment in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Separation for Misconduct

Separation for Misconduct is a conduct and ethics standard that guides acceptable employee behaviour in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Separation for Poor Performance

Separation for Poor Performance is a disciplinary or separation concept used to address breaches, sanctions, appeals, or ending employment in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Separation for Criminal Conviction

Separation for Criminal Conviction is a disciplinary or separation concept used to address breaches, sanctions, appeals, or ending employment in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Separation in the Public Interest

Separation in the Public Interest is a disciplinary or separation concept used to address breaches, sanctions, appeals, or ending employment in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Separation from the Public Service

Separation from the Public Service is a disciplinary or separation concept used to address breaches, sanctions, appeals, or ending employment in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Service Record

Service Record is the official chronological record of an officer's public-service career, showing appointments, movements, leave, pay status changes, and other events relevant to service verification.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Staff Meetings

Staff Meetings is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Staff Welfare

Staff Welfare is a workplace welfare concept used to support employee wellbeing, safety, dignity, and support services in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Statutory Bodies and Public Companies

Statutory Bodies and Public Companies is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Statutory Declarations

Statutory Declarations is a records and documentation concept used to support employee status, identity, entitlements, or official personnel history in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Statutory Declaration as Proof of Age

Statutory Declaration as Proof of Age is a records and documentation concept used to support employee status, identity, entitlements, or official personnel history in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Statutory Declaration as Service Record Proof

Statutory Declaration as Service Record Proof is a records and documentation concept used to support employee status, identity, entitlements, or official personnel history in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Statutory Declaration as Proof of Identity

Statutory Declaration as Proof of Identity is a records and documentation concept used to support employee status, identity, entitlements, or official personnel history in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Subsistence Allowance

Subsistence Allowance is the payment or reimbursable allowance made to a public officer to cover authorized meal and incidental costs arising from approved duty travel or temporary duty away from the normal workstation.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Suggestions from Staff

Suggestions from Staff is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Selection for Training

Selection for Training is a training and development concept used to regulate learning support, employee obligations, and workforce capability in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Suspension or Termination of Training Awards

Suspension or Termination of Training Awards is a retirement or pension administration concept used to manage public-service benefit eligibility, supporting records, or claim processing in Jamaica.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Submission of Written Report by Trainee

Submission of Written Report by Trainee is a training and development concept used to regulate learning support, employee obligations, and workforce capability in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

safety stock

safety stock is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

salaried employee

salaried employee is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

salaries expense

salaries expense is an expense account used to record the cost of a specific activity, resource, service, or obligation during an accounting period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

salaries expense: delivery department

salaries expense: delivery department is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

salaries expense: selling & admin department

salaries expense: selling & admin department is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

salaries payable

salaries payable is a liability account that records an amount owed by the business that remains unpaid at the reporting date.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

salary

salary is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, payroll

salary and fringes

salary and fringes is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, payroll

sales

sales is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

sales allowance

sales allowance is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

sales commissions expense

sales commissions expense is an expense account used to record the cost of a specific activity, resource, service, or obligation during an accounting period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

sales discounts

sales discounts is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

sales forecast

sales forecast is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

sales journal

sales journal is a journal or bookkeeping term used to record accounting entries in chronological order.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

sales mix

sales mix is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

sales returns

sales returns is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

sales returns and allowances

sales returns and allowances is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

sales revenues

sales revenues is a revenue or income concept used to describe earnings recognized from business activity, financing, or other sources.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

salvage value of fixed assets

salvage value of fixed assets is an asset-related term used to describe a resource controlled by the business that is expected to provide future economic benefit.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

scattergraph

scattergraph is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

SCF

SCF stands for statement of cash flows, the financial statement that reports operating, investing, and financing cash movement.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

SEC

SEC stands for the Securities and Exchange Commission, the U.S. regulator for securities markets and public-company reporting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

secondary activities

secondary activities is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

secured bond

secured bond is a bond or debt-financing term used in accounting for borrowing, interest, premiums, discounts, issuance, or repayment.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

secured creditor

secured creditor is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

secured loan

secured loan is a financing term used to account for borrowing, lending, interest accrual, repayment, or debt structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

Securities and Exchange Commission

Securities and Exchange Commission is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

segregation of duties

segregation of duties is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

self insurance

self insurance is an insurance-related accounting term used to record premiums, liabilities, expense recognition, or benefit protection.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

self-employed

self-employed is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

selling and administrative expense

selling and administrative expense is an expense account used to record the cost of a specific activity, resource, service, or obligation during an accounting period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

selling expenses

selling expenses is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

selling, general and administrative expenses

selling, general and administrative expenses is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

semimonthly

semimonthly is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

semivariable costs

semivariable costs is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

semivariable expenses

semivariable expenses is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

separation of duties

separation of duties is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

serial bond

serial bond is a bond or debt-financing term used in accounting for borrowing, interest, premiums, discounts, issuance, or repayment.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

service charge revenues

service charge revenues is a revenue or income concept used to describe earnings recognized from business activity, financing, or other sources.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

service department

service department is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

service mark

service mark is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

service revenues

service revenues is a revenue or income concept used to describe earnings recognized from business activity, financing, or other sources.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

setup cost

setup cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

setup time

setup time is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

SFAS

SFAS stands for Statement of Financial Accounting Standards, the older formal designation for many FASB standards.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

SG&A

SG&A stands for selling, general, and administrative expenses, the operating expenses not directly tied to production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

shareholder

shareholder is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

shareholders' equity

shareholders' equity is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

short-term asset

short-term asset is an asset-related term used to describe a resource controlled by the business that is expected to provide future economic benefit.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

short-term liability

short-term liability is a liability-related term used to describe an obligation the business owes to another party.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

shrinkage

shrinkage is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

simple journal entry

simple journal entry is a journal or bookkeeping term used to record accounting entries in chronological order.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

simple regression

simple regression is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

single payment

single payment is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

single-step income statement

single-step income statement is a formal financial statement or reporting document used to summarize financial position, performance, or cash movement.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

sinking fund

sinking fund is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

slope of cost line

slope of cost line is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

Social Security taxes

Social Security taxes is a tax-related term used in accounting, reporting, payroll, compliance, or statutory calculations.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

sold

sold is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

sole practitioner

sole practitioner is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

sole proprietorship

sole proprietorship is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

source document

source document is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

special journals

special journals is a journal or bookkeeping term used to record accounting entries in chronological order.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

spending variance

spending variance is a variance-analysis term used to compare actual results with standards, budgets, or expected performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

split-off point

split-off point is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

spoilage

spoilage is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

spot price

spot price is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

stage 1 allocation

stage 1 allocation is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

stage 2 allocation

stage 2 allocation is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

stakeholder

stakeholder is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

standard cost

standard cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

standard cost per unit of input

standard cost per unit of input is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

standard cost per unit of product

standard cost per unit of product is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

standard cost system

standard cost system is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

standard cost variances

standard cost variances is a variance-analysis term used to compare actual results with standards, budgets, or expected performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

standard costing

standard costing is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

state boards of accountancy

state boards of accountancy is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

state income tax withholdings payable

state income tax withholdings payable is a liability account that records an amount owed by the business that remains unpaid at the reporting date.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

state unemployment tax

state unemployment tax is a tax-related term used in accounting, reporting, payroll, compliance, or statutory calculations.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

statement of activities

statement of activities is a formal financial statement or reporting document used to summarize financial position, performance, or cash movement.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

statement of cash flows

The statement of cash flows is the formal report showing cash movement from operating, investing, and financing activities.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, financial-statements

statement of comprehensive income

statement of comprehensive income is a formal financial statement or reporting document used to summarize financial position, performance, or cash movement.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

statement of financial accounting standards

statement of financial accounting standards is a formal financial statement or reporting document used to summarize financial position, performance, or cash movement.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

statement of financial position

statement of financial position is a formal financial statement or reporting document used to summarize financial position, performance, or cash movement.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

statement of functional expenses

statement of functional expenses is a formal financial statement or reporting document used to summarize financial position, performance, or cash movement.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

statement of income

statement of income is a formal financial statement or reporting document used to summarize financial position, performance, or cash movement.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

statement of operations

statement of operations is a formal financial statement or reporting document used to summarize financial position, performance, or cash movement.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

statement of retained earnings

statement of retained earnings is a formal financial statement or reporting document used to summarize financial position, performance, or cash movement.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

statement of stockholders' equity

statement of stockholders' equity is a formal financial statement or reporting document used to summarize financial position, performance, or cash movement.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

static budget

static budget is a budgeting term used to plan, compare, or control expected revenue, cost, capacity, or spending.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

stock certificate

stock certificate is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, payroll

stock dividend

stock dividend is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

stock option

stock option is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

stock split

stock split is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

stockholder

stockholder is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

stockholders' equity

stockholders' equity is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

stop payment order

stop payment order is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

stores

stores is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

straight-line method of amortization

straight-line method of amortization is an amortization-related term used to spread the cost, discount, premium, or carrying amount of an item over time.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

straight-line method of depreciation

straight-line method of depreciation is a depreciation-related term used to allocate the cost of a long-lived asset over its useful life.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

Subchapter S corporation

A Subchapter S corporation is a qualifying U.S. corporation that elects pass-through tax treatment under IRS rules.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

subsequent event

subsequent event is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

subsidiary accounts

subsidiary accounts is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

subsidiary ledger

subsidiary ledger is a ledger-related term used to organize, summarize, and report account activity or balances.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

sum-of-the-years' digits (SYD) method of depreciation

sum-of-the-years' digits (SYD) method of depreciation is a depreciation-related term used to allocate the cost of a long-lived asset over its useful life.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

sunk cost

sunk cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

supplier

supplier is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

supplier invoice

supplier invoice is a billing or payables document term used to record, approve, or settle an amount due in a business transaction.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

supplies

supplies is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

supplies expense

supplies expense is an expense account used to record the cost of a specific activity, resource, service, or obligation during an accounting period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

supplies on hand

supplies on hand is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

supporting services expenses

supporting services expenses is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

surrender value

surrender value is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

suspense account

suspense account is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

SYD depreciation method

SYD depreciation method means the sum-of-the-years'-digits method, an accelerated depreciation technique.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

systematic expensing

systematic expensing is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

Time to Hire

Time to hire measures the number of days between a candidate entering the recruiting process and accepting an offer.

The HR Dictionary • recruitment, ats, hiring

Temporary Appointment

Temporary Appointment is a time-limited appointment to a public-service post for a stated period or purpose, without giving the officer permanent substantive status in that office.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Time and Attendance

Time and attendance tracks employee work hours, shifts, breaks, punctuality, and exceptions.

The HR Dictionary • timeclock, scheduling, payroll

Types of Disputes

Types of Disputes is an employee-relations concept used to manage workplace concerns, representation, or dispute handling in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Timing for Pension Submissions

Timing for Pension Submissions is a retirement or pension administration concept used to manage public-service benefit eligibility, supporting records, or claim processing in Jamaica.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Trade Unions and Staff Associations

Trade Unions and Staff Associations is an employee-relations concept used to manage workplace concerns, representation, or dispute handling in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Time Off for Union Business

Time Off for Union Business is an employee-relations concept used to manage workplace concerns, representation, or dispute handling in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Training in the Public Service

Training in the Public Service is a training and development concept used to regulate learning support, employee obligations, and workforce capability in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Trainee Obligations before Commencement of Course

Trainee Obligations before Commencement of Course is a training and development concept used to regulate learning support, employee obligations, and workforce capability in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Trainee Obligations while on Course

Trainee Obligations while on Course is a training and development concept used to regulate learning support, employee obligations, and workforce capability in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Trainee Obligations upon Completion of Course

Trainee Obligations upon Completion of Course is a training and development concept used to regulate learning support, employee obligations, and workforce capability in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Transfer in the Public Service

Transfer in the Public Service is the formal movement of a public officer from one post, department, location, or organizational unit to another under the authority allowed by the rules.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Travel and Subsistence

Travel and Subsistence is the rule set governing official travel, accommodation, meals, incidentals, and related reimbursement or allowance treatment when a public officer is required to travel for duty.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Taxi / Incidental Allowance

Taxi / Incidental Allowance is a public-service allowance, benefit, or expense-related payment recognized under the Jamaica Staff Orders and paid only in the circumstances approved by government policy.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Travel Expenses Advance for Local or Overseas Duty

Travel Expenses Advance for Local or Overseas Duty is a travel, relocation, or duty-expense concept used to control reimbursement and allowances for official business in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Travelling Allowance during Leave

Travelling Allowance during Leave is a public-service allowance, benefit, or expense-related payment recognized under the Jamaica Staff Orders and paid only in the circumstances approved by government policy.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Travelling Allowance on Transfer to a Post where Travelling is Not Paid

Travelling Allowance on Transfer to a Post where Travelling is Not Paid is a public-service allowance, benefit, or expense-related payment recognized under the Jamaica Staff Orders and paid only in the circumstances approved by government policy.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Travelling Claims

Travelling Claims is a travel, relocation, or duty-expense concept used to control reimbursement and allowances for official business in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Termination of Temporary Appointment

Termination of Temporary Appointment is an appointments rule or status used to govern entry, movement, or authority within the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Termination while on Probation

Termination while on Probation is a disciplinary or separation concept used to address breaches, sanctions, appeals, or ending employment in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Trial Balance

A trial balance is the internal report that lists ledger account balances at a point in time so finance teams can verify that total debits equal total credits before producing financial statements.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, reporting

T-account

A T-account is a simple visual representation of an account showing debits on the left and credits on the right.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

take-home pay

take-home pay is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

tangible constructed asset

tangible constructed asset is an asset-related term used to describe a resource controlled by the business that is expected to provide future economic benefit.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

target interest rate

target interest rate is a financing term used to account for borrowing, lending, interest accrual, repayment, or debt structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

tax depreciation

tax depreciation is a depreciation-related term used to allocate the cost of a long-lived asset over its useful life.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

tax-exempt

tax-exempt is a tax-related term used in accounting, reporting, payroll, compliance, or statutory calculations.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

taxes payable

taxes payable is a liability account that records an amount owed by the business that remains unpaid at the reporting date.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

telephone expense

telephone expense is an expense account used to record the cost of a specific activity, resource, service, or obligation during an accounting period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

temporarily restricted net assets

temporarily restricted net assets is an asset-related term used to describe a resource controlled by the business that is expected to provide future economic benefit.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

temporary accounts

temporary accounts is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

temporary help expense

temporary help expense is an expense account used to record the cost of a specific activity, resource, service, or obligation during an accounting period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

temporary investments

temporary investments is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

temporary marketable securities

temporary marketable securities is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

temporary service expense

temporary service expense is an expense account used to record the cost of a specific activity, resource, service, or obligation during an accounting period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

term bonds

term bonds is a bond or debt-financing term used in accounting for borrowing, interest, premiums, discounts, issuance, or repayment.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

term insurance

term insurance is an insurance-related accounting term used to record premiums, liabilities, expense recognition, or benefit protection.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

the supplier of goods and services

the supplier of goods and services is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

three-way match

three-way match is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

time deposits

time deposits is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

time period assumption

time period assumption is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

time restriction

time restriction is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

time value of money

time value of money is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

time-and-a-half

time-and-a-half is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

times interest earned

times interest earned is a financing term used to account for borrowing, lending, interest accrual, repayment, or debt structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

timing differences

timing differences is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

Tony Mandella, Capital

Tony Mandella, Capital is an equity or capital term used to describe ownership interest, retained resources, or the financing structure of a business.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

trade accounts payable

trade accounts payable is a liability account that records an amount owed by the business that remains unpaid at the reporting date.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

trade accounts receivable

trade accounts receivable is an asset account that records an amount due to the business but not yet collected.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

trade discount

trade discount is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

trade names

trade names is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

trade payables

trade payables is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

trade receivables

trade receivables is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

trade-in of similar asset

trade-in of similar asset is an asset-related term used to describe a resource controlled by the business that is expected to provide future economic benefit.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

trademark

trademark is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

traditional costing

traditional costing is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

transaction approach to determining net income

transaction approach to determining net income is a revenue or income concept used to describe earnings recognized from business activity, financing, or other sources.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

transfer price

transfer price is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

transferred-in cost

transferred-in cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

transportation-in

transportation-in is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

transportation-out

transportation-out is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

treasury bills

treasury bills is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

treasury stock

treasury stock is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

trend analysis

trend analysis is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

triple net lease

triple net lease is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

turnover

turnover is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

turnover ratios

turnover ratios is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

Utility Allowance

Utility Allowance is a public-service allowance, benefit, or expense-related payment recognized under the Jamaica Staff Orders and paid only in the circumstances approved by government policy.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Uniform Allowance

Uniform Allowance is a public-service allowance, benefit, or expense-related payment recognized under the Jamaica Staff Orders and paid only in the circumstances approved by government policy.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Upkeep Allowance

Upkeep Allowance is a public-service allowance, benefit, or expense-related payment recognized under the Jamaica Staff Orders and paid only in the circumstances approved by government policy.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

U.S. treasury bills

U.S. Treasury bills are short-term government securities issued at a discount and maturing in one year or less.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

U.S. treasury bonds

U.S. Treasury bonds are long-term government debt securities with fixed interest payments and maturities greater than ten years.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

U.S. treasury notes

U.S. Treasury notes are medium-term government debt securities with fixed interest payments and maturities generally between two and ten years.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

UBIT

UBIT stands for unrelated business income tax, a tax imposed on qualifying income earned by tax-exempt entities from unrelated business activities.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

unadjusted trial balance

An unadjusted trial balance is the ledger balance report prepared before period-end adjusting entries have been recorded.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, reporting

unamortized bond discount

unamortized bond discount is a bond or debt-financing term used in accounting for borrowing, interest, premiums, discounts, issuance, or repayment.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

unamortized bond premium

unamortized bond premium is a bond or debt-financing term used in accounting for borrowing, interest, premiums, discounts, issuance, or repayment.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

unappropriated retained earnings

unappropriated retained earnings is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

uncleared check

uncleared check is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

uncleared cheque

uncleared cheque is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

uncollected funds

uncollected funds is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

uncollectible accounts expense

uncollectible accounts expense is an expense account used to record the cost of a specific activity, resource, service, or obligation during an accounting period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

undeposited checks

undeposited checks is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

under absorbed

under absorbed is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

underapplied manufacturing overhead

underapplied manufacturing overhead is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

underlying principles/guidelines

underlying principles/guidelines is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

understates

understates is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

underwriter

underwriter is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

undiscounted future cash flows

undiscounted future cash flows is a cash-management or cash-reporting term used to measure cash balances, cash movement, or cash handling controls.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

unearned premium revenue

unearned premium revenue is a revenue or income concept used to describe earnings recognized from business activity, financing, or other sources.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

unearned revenue(s)

unearned revenue(s) is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

unemployment compensation tax

unemployment compensation tax is a tax-related term used in accounting, reporting, payroll, compliance, or statutory calculations.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

unemployment tax expense: warehouse

unemployment tax expense: warehouse is a tax-related term used in accounting, reporting, payroll, compliance, or statutory calculations.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

unemployment tax payable

unemployment tax payable is a liability account that records an amount owed by the business that remains unpaid at the reporting date.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

unfavorable variance

unfavorable variance is a variance-analysis term used to compare actual results with standards, budgets, or expected performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

Uniform CPA Exam

The Uniform CPA Exam is the standardized professional exam used in the United States for CPA licensure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

United Way payable

United Way payable is a liability account that records an amount owed by the business that remains unpaid at the reporting date.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

units of activity method of depreciation

units of activity method of depreciation is a depreciation-related term used to allocate the cost of a long-lived asset over its useful life.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

units of production method of depreciation

units of production method of depreciation is a depreciation-related term used to allocate the cost of a long-lived asset over its useful life.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

unpaid principal balance

unpaid principal balance is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

unpresented check

unpresented check is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

unqualified opinion

unqualified opinion is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

unrealized holding gain

unrealized holding gain is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

unrealized holding loss

unrealized holding loss is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

unrelated business income tax

unrelated business income tax is a tax-related term used in accounting, reporting, payroll, compliance, or statutory calculations.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

unrestricted net assets

unrestricted net assets is an asset-related term used to describe a resource controlled by the business that is expected to provide future economic benefit.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

unsecured bond

unsecured bond is a bond or debt-financing term used in accounting for borrowing, interest, premiums, discounts, issuance, or repayment.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

unsecured creditor

unsecured creditor is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

unsecured loan

unsecured loan is a financing term used to account for borrowing, lending, interest accrual, repayment, or debt structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

US GAAP

US GAAP is the United States accounting standards framework used to prepare compliant external financial statements.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, compliance

usage variance

usage variance is a variance-analysis term used to compare actual results with standards, budgets, or expected performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

useful life

useful life is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

utilities expense

utilities expense is an expense account used to record the cost of a specific activity, resource, service, or obligation during an accounting period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

utilities payable

utilities payable is a liability account that records an amount owed by the business that remains unpaid at the reporting date.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

Vacation Leave

Vacation Leave is the earned annual leave granted to a public officer for rest and recuperation, subject to accrual rules, departmental approval, operational needs, and any accumulation limits.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Vacation Leave Rate

Vacation Leave Rate is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Vacation Leave Accumulation

Vacation Leave Accumulation is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Vacation Leave Accumulation beyond the Maximum

Vacation Leave Accumulation beyond the Maximum is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Vacation Leave While Abroad

Vacation Leave While Abroad is a leave administration rule that governs eligibility, approval, payment, accumulation, or documentation for time away from duty in the Jamaica public service.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Visiting Allowance for Spouse while Abroad

Visiting Allowance for Spouse while Abroad is a public-service allowance, benefit, or expense-related payment recognized under the Jamaica Staff Orders and paid only in the circumstances approved by government policy.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Visiting Allowance while on Temporary Transfer

Visiting Allowance while on Temporary Transfer is a public-service allowance, benefit, or expense-related payment recognized under the Jamaica Staff Orders and paid only in the circumstances approved by government policy.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

vacation pay

vacation pay is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

vacation pay expense

vacation pay expense is an expense account used to record the cost of a specific activity, resource, service, or obligation during an accounting period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

vacation pay payable

vacation pay payable is a liability account that records an amount owed by the business that remains unpaid at the reporting date.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

valuation account

valuation account is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

value billing

value billing is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

variable cost

variable cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

variable cost rate

variable cost rate is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

variable cost ratio

variable cost ratio is a financial ratio used to measure or evaluate a specific aspect of liquidity, profitability, efficiency, leverage, or performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

variable costing

variable costing is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

variable expenses

variable expenses is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

variable manufacturing overhead applied

variable manufacturing overhead applied is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

variable manufacturing overhead cost

variable manufacturing overhead cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

variable manufacturing overhead efficiency variance

variable manufacturing overhead efficiency variance is a variance-analysis term used to compare actual results with standards, budgets, or expected performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

variable manufacturing overhead incurred

variable manufacturing overhead incurred is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

variable manufacturing overhead spending variance

variable manufacturing overhead spending variance is a variance-analysis term used to compare actual results with standards, budgets, or expected performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

variable overhead efficiency variance

variable overhead efficiency variance is a variance-analysis term used to compare actual results with standards, budgets, or expected performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

variable overhead spending variance

variable overhead spending variance is a variance-analysis term used to compare actual results with standards, budgets, or expected performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

variance

variance is a variance-analysis term used to compare actual results with standards, budgets, or expected performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

variance analysis

variance analysis is a variance-analysis term used to compare actual results with standards, budgets, or expected performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

variance reports

variance reports is a variance-analysis term used to compare actual results with standards, budgets, or expected performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

vehicles

vehicles is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

vendor

A vendor is a supplier that provides goods or services to the business and issues invoices for payment.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

vendor invoice

vendor invoice is a billing or payables document term used to record, approve, or settle an amount due in a business transaction.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

vendors

Vendors are suppliers that provide goods or services to the business and are managed through procurement and accounts payable processes.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

vertical analysis

vertical analysis is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

volume

volume is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

volume variance

volume variance is a variance-analysis term used to compare actual results with standards, budgets, or expected performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

volume-based allocation

volume-based allocation is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

Workforce Planning

Workforce planning aligns headcount, skills, and labor capacity with projected business demand.

The HR Dictionary • headcount planning, skills planning, labor planning

When to Seek Legal Advice

When to Seek Legal Advice is a Jamaica public-service human-resources concept referenced in the Staff Orders to guide employment administration, employee conduct, records, entitlements, or workplace procedures.

The HR Dictionary • hr, jamaica, public-service

Wage Drift

Wage drift is the difference between negotiated or standard wage rates and the higher actual wages paid because of overtime, allowances, or local labor conditions.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, payroll

Wages

Wages are payments made to employees for work performed, usually calculated on an hourly, daily, weekly, or output basis.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, payroll

Wage to Salary

Wage to salary is the conversion of hourly or wage-based compensation into a salary equivalent.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, payroll

Work-Life Balance

Work-life balance is the degree to which employees can manage work demands alongside personal and family responsibilities.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Work Behavior

Work behavior refers to the actions, habits, conduct, and performance-related behaviors employees display in the workplace.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Worker

A worker is a general term for a person who performs labor or services for compensation, whether as an employee or under another legal classification.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Workers Compensation

Workers' compensation is an insurance or statutory system that provides benefits for work-related injury or illness.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Workforce Analysis

Workforce analysis is the review of workforce data to understand staffing levels, labor cost, skills, productivity, and organizational trends.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Workweek

A workweek is the recurring seven-day period used to track working time, overtime rules, and related labor calculations.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

Working Capital

Working capital is the difference between current assets and current liabilities and measures the short-term liquidity available to run the business.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, liquidity

wages

wages is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, payroll

wages expense

wages expense is an expense account used to record the cost of a specific activity, resource, service, or obligation during an accounting period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, payroll

wages expense: delivery department

wages expense: delivery department is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, payroll

wages expense: warehouse department

wages expense: warehouse department is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, payroll

wages payable

wages payable is a liability account that records an amount owed by the business that remains unpaid at the reporting date.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, payroll

warranties

warranties is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

warranty expense

warranty expense is an expense account used to record the cost of a specific activity, resource, service, or obligation during an accounting period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

warranty liability

warranty liability is a liability-related term used to describe an obligation the business owes to another party.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

warranty payable

warranty payable is a liability account that records an amount owed by the business that remains unpaid at the reporting date.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

weighted-average accumulated expenditures on self-constructed assets

weighted-average accumulated expenditures on self-constructed assets is an asset-related term used to describe a resource controlled by the business that is expected to provide future economic benefit.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

weighted-average cost flow assumption

weighted-average cost flow assumption is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

weighted-average cost of capital

weighted-average cost of capital is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

weighted-average number of shares of stock outstanding

weighted-average number of shares of stock outstanding is an equity or share-capital term used in corporate ownership, stockholder reporting, or capital structure accounting.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

white-collar worker

white-collar worker is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

whole life insurance

whole life insurance is an insurance-related accounting term used to record premiums, liabilities, expense recognition, or benefit protection.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

window dressing

window dressing is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

WIP

WIP stands for work-in-process inventory, the partially completed goods in production.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

withdrawals by owner

withdrawals by owner is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

withholdings

withholdings is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

work-in-process inventory

work-in-process inventory is an inventory classification or inventory account used to measure goods, materials, or stock held for use, production, or sale.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, inventory

work-in-progress

work-in-progress is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

worker compensation insurance

worker compensation insurance is an insurance-related accounting term used to record premiums, liabilities, expense recognition, or benefit protection.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

worker compensation insurance expense

worker compensation insurance expense is an expense account used to record the cost of a specific activity, resource, service, or obligation during an accounting period.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

worker compensation insurance payable

worker compensation insurance payable is a liability account that records an amount owed by the business that remains unpaid at the reporting date.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, cash-flow

working capital ratio

working capital ratio is a financial ratio used to measure or evaluate a specific aspect of liquidity, profitability, efficiency, leverage, or performance.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

write-down

write-down is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

write-off

write-off is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

write-up

write-up is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

write-up work

write-up work is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

year-to-date net income

year-to-date net income is a revenue or income concept used to describe earnings recognized from business activity, financing, or other sources.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

yield

yield is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

yield to maturity

yield to maturity is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

zero coupon bonds

zero coupon bonds is a bond or debt-financing term used in accounting for borrowing, interest, premiums, discounts, issuance, or repayment.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance

zero-based budgeting

zero-based budgeting is a budgeting term used to plan, compare, or control expected revenue, cost, capacity, or spending.

The Accountant's Dictionary • accounting, finance, management-accounting

1099 Form

A 1099 form is a U.S. tax document used to report payments made to independent contractors and other non-employee payees.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

147C

A 147C letter is an IRS-issued document used to verify or reissue a business's Employer Identification Number for payroll and tax administration.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

360-Degree Survey

A 360-degree survey is a performance feedback tool that gathers input about an employee from managers, peers, direct reports, and sometimes customers.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

4 Day Work Week

A 4 day work week is a work arrangement where employees complete their scheduled hours across four days instead of five.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

401(a)

A 401(a) plan is an employer-sponsored retirement plan commonly used by government, educational, and nonprofit organizations in the United States.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, benefits

401(k)

A 401(k) plan is a U.S. employer-sponsored retirement savings plan that allows employees to defer part of their earnings into a tax-advantaged account.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, benefits

403(b)

A 403(b) plan is a retirement plan for employees of public schools, churches, and certain nonprofit organizations in the United States.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, benefits

457(b)

A 457(b) plan is a deferred compensation retirement plan available mainly to state and local government employees and some nonprofit employees.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce, benefits

9/80 Work Schedule

A 9/80 work schedule is an alternative schedule where employees work 80 hours over nine days and receive one day off every two weeks.

The HR Dictionary • hr, workforce

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