1099 Form
A 1099 form is a U.S. tax document used to report payments made to independent contractors and other non-employee payees.
Eprecus ERP is a cloud-based ERP software solution and unified business platform that helps organizations run finance, human resources, payroll, inventory, commerce, and reporting from one enterprise resource planning system.
Search structured definitions, practical explanations, and related business terms for HR, payroll, accounting, finance, and operational control.
The Eprecus ERP dictionary is built for finance teams, HR managers, payroll administrators, operations leads, and business owners who need clear definitions they can apply inside real workflows. Use this glossary to understand payroll terminology, accounting definitions, HR metrics, and enterprise software concepts without vague textbook language.
Each entry is written to support practical ERP work, including reporting, approvals, payroll review, compliance conversations, reconciliation, workforce planning, and process design. If you need deeper examples, continue into the Eprecus ERP blog or review the platform overview.
A 1099 form is a U.S. tax document used to report payments made to independent contractors and other non-employee payees.
Absence from duty without prior approval is an unauthorized failure to report for work or obtain the required approval before being away from duty in the Jamaica public service.
Absenteeism rate measures the percentage of scheduled work time employees miss over a defined period.
An ABC inventory system classifies inventory into categories such as A, B, and C based on value, usage, or control priority.
absorption costing is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
activity-based costing (ABC) is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
actual costing is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
after-tax cost of debt is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
allowance to reduce inventory to net realizable value is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.
average cost of inventory is an inventory classification or inventory account used to measure goods, materials, or stock held for use, production, or sale.
average inventory is an inventory classification or inventory account used to measure goods, materials, or stock held for use, production, or sale.
batch-level cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
bill of materials is a billing or payables document term used to record, approve, or settle an amount due in a business transaction.
BOM stands for bill of materials, the structured list of components required to build a product.
Cost of goods sold is the direct cost of inventory or production consumed to deliver the goods a business sells.
carrying cost of inventory is an inventory classification or inventory account used to measure goods, materials, or stock held for use, production, or sale.
COGS, or cost of goods sold, is the direct cost assigned to the goods or services delivered to customers during the reporting period.
common costs is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
contra inventory account is an accounting term related to the classification, recording, or reporting of financial transactions within an account structure.
conversion costs is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
cost accounting is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
cost behavior is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
cost center is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
cost flow assumption is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
cost object is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
cost of capital is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
cost of carrying inventory is an inventory classification or inventory account used to measure goods, materials, or stock held for use, production, or sale.
cost of goods available for sale is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
cost of goods purchased is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
cost of products sold is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
cost principle is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
cost-volume-profit (CVP) is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
days' sales in inventory is an inventory classification or inventory account used to measure goods, materials, or stock held for use, production, or sale.
debt issue costs is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
depreciable cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
differential cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
direct cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
direct costing is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
direct materials is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.
direct materials efficiency variance is a variance-analysis term used to compare actual results with standards, budgets, or expected performance.
direct materials inventory is an inventory classification or inventory account used to measure goods, materials, or stock held for use, production, or sale.
direct materials price variance is a variance-analysis term used to compare actual results with standards, budgets, or expected performance.
direct materials quantity variance is a variance-analysis term used to compare actual results with standards, budgets, or expected performance.
direct materials usage variance is a variance-analysis term used to compare actual results with standards, budgets, or expected performance.
dollar-value LIFO retail method is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.
estimating inventory is an inventory classification or inventory account used to measure goods, materials, or stock held for use, production, or sale.
expired costs is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
exploding the bills of materials is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.
FG inventory means finished goods inventory, the completed products held for sale.
FIFO stands for first in, first out, a cost flow assumption where the earliest inventory costs are assigned first.
FIFO cost flow assumption is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
finished goods inventory is an inventory classification or inventory account used to measure goods, materials, or stock held for use, production, or sale.
first in, first out (FIFO) is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.
FISH stands for first in, still here, an informal way to describe older inventory that remains on hand.
fixed costs is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
full costing is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
gross profit method of estimating inventory is an inventory classification or inventory account used to measure goods, materials, or stock held for use, production, or sale.
historical cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
holding costs is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
in-process inventory is an inventory classification or inventory account used to measure goods, materials, or stock held for use, production, or sale.
incremental cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
indirect cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
indirect factory costs is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
indirect manufacturing costs is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
indirect materials is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.
inventoriable cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
inventory is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.
inventory carrying costs is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
inventory conformity rule is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.
inventory cost flow assumption is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
inventory extension is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.
inventory holding costs is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
inventory shrinkage is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.
Inventory turnover ratio measures how often inventory is sold or consumed and replaced during the reporting period.
inventory valuation is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.
inventory: FG is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.
inventory: finished goods (FG) is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.
inventory: materials is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.
inventory: WIP is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.
inventory: work-in-process (WIP) is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.
JIT stands for just-in-time, an inventory and production approach that reduces stock on hand by synchronizing supply with demand.
job cost record is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
job costing is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
job order cost sheet is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
job order costing is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
joint cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
last in, first out (LIFO) is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.
LCM stands for lower of cost or market, an older inventory valuation rule used in some accounting contexts.
LIFO stands for last in, first out, a cost flow assumption where the most recent inventory costs are assigned first.
LIFO conformity rule is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.
LIFO liquidation of layer is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.
LIFO reserve is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.
liquidation of LIFO layer is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.
loss from reducing inventory to NRV is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.
lower of cost or market is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
lower of cost or net realizable value is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
manufacturing costs is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
manufacturing support costs is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
marginal cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
materials inventory is an inventory classification or inventory account used to measure goods, materials, or stock held for use, production, or sale.
materials price variance is a variance-analysis term used to compare actual results with standards, budgets, or expected performance.
materials quantity variance is a variance-analysis term used to compare actual results with standards, budgets, or expected performance.
materials usage variance is a variance-analysis term used to compare actual results with standards, budgets, or expected performance.
merchandise inventory is an inventory classification or inventory account used to measure goods, materials, or stock held for use, production, or sale.
mixed costs is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
next-in, first-out cost flow assumption is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
nonmanufacturing overhead cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
normal costing is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
opportunity cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
order costs is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
overapplied overhead costs is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
overhead costs is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
past cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
period cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
periodic FIFO is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.
periodic LIFO is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.
periodic system of inventory is an inventory classification or inventory account used to measure goods, materials, or stock held for use, production, or sale.
perpetual FIFO is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.
perpetual inventory is an inventory classification or inventory account used to measure goods, materials, or stock held for use, production, or sale.
perpetual inventory method is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.
perpetual LIFO is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.
perpetual system of inventory is an inventory classification or inventory account used to measure goods, materials, or stock held for use, production, or sale.
physical inventory is an inventory classification or inventory account used to measure goods, materials, or stock held for use, production, or sale.
prime costs is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
process costing system is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
product cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
product warranty cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
production costs is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
raw materials inventory is an inventory classification or inventory account used to measure goods, materials, or stock held for use, production, or sale.
relative sales value method of allocating cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
relevant cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
replacement cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
research and development costs is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
retail method of estimating inventory is an inventory classification or inventory account used to measure goods, materials, or stock held for use, production, or sale.
semivariable costs is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
setup cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
shrinkage is an accounting, finance, or reporting term used to classify, measure, record, analyze, or communicate business transactions and financial results.
slope of cost line is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
standard cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
standard cost per unit of input is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
standard cost per unit of product is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
standard cost system is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
standard costing is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
sunk cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
traditional costing is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
transferred-in cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
variable cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
variable cost rate is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
variable costing is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
variable manufacturing overhead cost is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
weighted-average cost flow assumption is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
weighted-average cost of capital is a cost accounting term used to measure, assign, analyze, or control the cost of operations, inventory, or production.
WIP stands for work-in-process inventory, the partially completed goods in production.
work-in-process inventory is an inventory classification or inventory account used to measure goods, materials, or stock held for use, production, or sale.
